Abstract: The characteristics of atmospheric turbidity over Desert and Gobi area where there is special boundary layer are summarized by calculating and analysising atmospheric turbidity in summer 1990. In terms of the variations of the coefficient of atmospheric turbidity β and wave-length index α, the optical thickness, the genesis and dissipation of the atmospheric sand and dust are discussed. Furthermore, using the methods from Volz. and Arao. the contents of sand and dust in the local atmosphere under the conditions of different weather are roughly estimated