Abstract: The characteristics and seasonal changes of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) distribution of the Sichuan Basin from MODIS products are analyzed. In spring there is the biggest seasonal average due to the dusty weathers. Several regional large value centers in the basin are found. The first is in the west near Chengdu and had less seasonal change. The second is in the south between Yibin and Chongqing. The third is between Nanchong and Chongqing and has the biggest seasonal change and disappears in summer. The results provide the basic data for regional climate and air pollution research.