Abstract: Based on the analysis of spatial/temporal characteristics of the winter air temperature anomalies in Northeast China, this paper particularly discusses the current factors which influences the winter air temperature in Northeast China by use of the monthly mean data of NCEP/NCAR during 1951-2001. The main results indicate that the winter air temperature in Northeast China is in cold period before 1985, with the lowest in 1960s; warm period occurs after 1985, a inflexion point in 1986. The anomaly existed 3-4 years, 8-9 years and 16-18 years periodic variation; the abnormal trend is similar with the areas that in the north of the Yellow River, it is one of notably warming regions in China. Is the current factor influences the winter air temperature anomaly in the Northeast China is mainly effected by the atmosphere circulation anomaly, which including Siberian high anomaly, the East Asian trough anomaly, the acreage of polar vortex anomaly, the Asian winter monsoon anomaly and the anomaly of the west-wind circulation in East-Asian.