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时间差闪电监测网的误差分析和布局优化

张文娟 孟青 吕伟涛 姚雯 张义军

张文娟, 孟青, 吕伟涛, 等. 时间差闪电监测网的误差分析和布局优化. 应用气象学报, 2009, 20(4): 402-410..
引用本文: 张文娟, 孟青, 吕伟涛, 等. 时间差闪电监测网的误差分析和布局优化. 应用气象学报, 2009, 20(4): 402-410.
Zhang Wenjuan, Meng Qing, Lǜ Weitao, et al. Error analyses and network optimization for time-of-arrival lightning locating system. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2009, 20(4): 402-410.
Citation: Zhang Wenjuan, Meng Qing, Lǜ Weitao, et al. Error analyses and network optimization for time-of-arrival lightning locating system. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2009, 20(4): 402-410.

时间差闪电监测网的误差分析和布局优化

资助项目: 

中国气象科学研究院基本科研业务费专项 2008Y006

科技部科学仪器设备升级改造专项 2006JG005800

Error Analyses and Network Optimization for Time-of-arrival Lightning Locating System

  • 摘要: 在时间差闪电定位算法的基础上, 采用蒙特卡罗模拟方法, 实现了对闪电定位误差的定量评估。详细分析了闪电定位系统中测站数目、布站方式和站址基线长度3个因素对定位结果的影响。研究表明:定位误差与测站数目、布站方式和基线长度有密切关系。当测站数目一定时, 矩形加中心站的布站方式定位结果较好; 当布站方式一定时, 测站数目越多定位误差越小; 在仪器允许的探测范围内, 基线越长, 覆盖区域越大, 定位误差越小。闪电定位误差的定量分析研究, 为闪电监测网的站址选择、子站布设等实际工作提供了重要参考依据。
  • 图  1  TOA定位原理示意图

    Fig. 1  Sketch map of TOA locating technique

    图  2  准对称布站方式下不同测站数目的误差等值线 (单位:km; 三角形表示探测子站)

    (a) 四站三角形网络, (b) 五站矩形网络, (c) 七站矩形网络, (d) 九站矩形网络

    Fig. 2  Contour map of locating error versus different station number in symmetrical networks

    (unit:km; triangle denotes locating station)(a) triangle network with four stations, (b) rectangle network with five stations, (c) rectangle network with seven stations, (d) rectangle network with nine sta tions

    图  3  五站定位系统中不同布站方式的定位误差等值线 (单位:km; 三角形表示探测子站)

    (a) 矩形网络, (b) 菱形网络, (c) 星形网络, (d) 三角形网络

    Fig. 3  Contour map of locating error versus different network geometry with five stations (unit:km; triangle denotes locating station)(a) rectangle network, (b) diamond network, (c) star network, (d) triangle network

    图  4  误差小于1 km等效半径随基线长度的变化

    Fig. 4  Radius of area where locating error is less than 1 km versus baseline of the network

    图  5  四站矩形定位系统的高误差区域 (单位:km)

    Fig. 5  High locating errors in a rectangle network with four stations (unit:km)

    表  1  准对称布站方式下探测子站经纬度坐标

    Table  1  Longitude and latitude of stations in symmetrical network

    表  2  准对称布站方式下测站数目的定位结果物理量比较

    Table  2  Locating error of different station number with symmetrical network

    表  3  不同测站数目、不同布站方式下的定位结果物理量比较

    Table  3  Comparison of locating errors with different stations number and network geometry

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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2008-08-15
  • 修回日期:  2009-02-04
  • 刊出日期:  2009-08-31

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