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基于地基遥感设备构建遥感探空廓线

林晓萌 尉英华 张楠 王艳春

林晓萌, 尉英华, 张楠, 等. 基于地基遥感设备构建遥感探空廓线. 应用气象学报, 2022, 33(5): 568-580. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20220505..
引用本文: 林晓萌, 尉英华, 张楠, 等. 基于地基遥感设备构建遥感探空廓线. 应用气象学报, 2022, 33(5): 568-580. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20220505.
Lin Xiaomeng, Wei Yinghua, Zhang Nan, et al. Construction of air-sounding-profile system based on foundation-remote-sensing equipment. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2022, 33(5): 568-580. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20220505.
Citation: Lin Xiaomeng, Wei Yinghua, Zhang Nan, et al. Construction of air-sounding-profile system based on foundation-remote-sensing equipment. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2022, 33(5): 568-580. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20220505.

基于地基遥感设备构建遥感探空廓线

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20220505
资助项目: 

中国气象局预报员专项 CMAYBY2020-008

中国气象局预报员专项 CMAYBY2020-009

天津市气象局一般项目 202106ybxm01

敏视达公司研发项目 HYKJXM-202101

详细信息
    通信作者:

    张楠, 邮箱:nanzhangnanzhang@163.com

Construction of Air-sounding-profile System Based on Foundation-remote-sensing Equipment

  • 摘要: 利用天津地基遥感(风廓线雷达和微波辐射计)数据及地面自动气象站数据构建地基遥感探空廓线系统(简称遥感探空廓线), 旨在弥补常规探空层结信息时空密度不足, 对2020—2021年5—9月遥感探空廓线反演结果进行模式检验, 并从中选取10次强对流过程进行个例效果评估。结果表明:反演数据与欧洲中期天气预报中心再分析数据(ERA5)比湿的平均绝对偏差为1.06 g·kg-1, 对流有效位能相关系数为0.84(达到0.01显著性水平)。10次强对流过程中强对流发生前临近时次常规探空对流有效位能平均值为322 J·kg-1, 遥感探空廓线具有分钟级时间分辨率, 能高时效性地跟踪大气状态的演变趋势, 对流发生前8 h内对流有效位能平均峰值为1451.88 J·kg-1, 与常规探空相比具备明显对流指征。研究表明:遥感探空廓线能动态描述热动力参数的配置及对流潜势的发展与释放过程, 有利于提高短时临近预报的精细化水平。
  • 图  1  遥感探空廓线与ERA5比湿对比

    (a)比湿散点图,(b)比湿平均值随高度变化,(c)比湿均方根误差随高度变化,(d)比湿平均相对偏差随高度变化

    Fig. 1  Comparison of specific humidity processed from Foundation-remote-sensing Air-sounding-profile System and ERA5 data

    (a)the scatter diagram of humidity, (b)the mean of humidity varing with height, (c)the root mean square error of humidity varing with height, (d)the mean relative deviation of humidity varing with height

    图  2  遥感探空廓线与ERA5对流有效位能对比

    Fig. 2  Comparison of convective available potential energy processed from Foundation-remote-sensing Air-sounding-profile System and ERA5 data

    图  3  2020年8月1日的T-lnp

    (黄色填色区指示对流有效位能)

    Fig. 3  T-lnp on 1 Aug 2020

    (the yellow shaded denotes convective available potential energy)

    图  4  2020年8月1日天津西青站地基遥感反演产品及区域自动气象站降水量

    (a)14:30—20:30天津西青站遥感探空廓线对流有效位能及自动气象站降水量,(b)16:30—20:30风廓线雷达水平风场时间-高度图(填色为风速)

    Fig. 4  Retrieved products of ground-based remote sensing data at Xiqing Station of Tianjin and precipitation observed by automatic weather station on 1 Aug 2020

    (a)convective available potential energy and precipitation from 1430 BT to 2030 BT, (b)time-altitude section of horizontal wind field from 1630 BT to 2030 BT (the shaded denotes velocity)

    图  5  2021年5月26日的T-lnp

    (黄色填色区指示对流有效位能)

    Fig. 5  T-lnp on 26 May 2021

    (the yellow shaded denotes convective available potential energy)

    图  6  2021年5月26日天津西青站地基遥感反演产品及地面极大风风速实况

    (a)10:00—16:00遥感探空廓线对流有效位能及自动气象站观测的极大风风速时序图,(b)12:00—16:00风廓线雷达水平风场时间-高度图(填色为风速)

    Fig. 6  Retrieved products of ground-based remote sensing data and observed maximum wind speed at Xiqing Station of Tianjin on 26 May 2021

    (a)convective available potential energy and maximum wind speed from 1000 BT to 1600 BT, (b)time-altitude section of horizontal wind field from 1200 BT to 1600 BT (the shaded denotes velocity)

    表  1  北京探空与天津遥感探空在10次强对流过程的对比

    Table  1  Comparison of 10 convective cases from Beijing radiosonde and Tianjin Foundation-remote-sensing Air-sounding-profile System

    强对流实况 北京探空 天津遥感探空
    日期 时间 间隔 对流有效位能/(J·kg-1) 整层比湿积分/(g·hPa·kg-1) 间隔 对流有效位能/(J·kg-1) 整层比湿积分/(g·hPa·kg-1)
    2020-05-25 17:26 9 h 26 min 0.0 1910.0 小于15 min 3007.0 2318.8
    2020-06-01 16:00 8 h 2.7 1197.1 2268.5 1054.6
    2020-06-25 16:15 8 h 15 min 271.2 3230.7 1118.3 3267.3
    2020-07-05 16:29 15 min 216.9 3631.1 1345.8 5185.6
    2020-07-13 18:30 10 h 30 min 304.2 4369.9 856.4 4008.9
    2020-08-01 19:25 11 h 25 min 451.7 4293.7 1464.4 5728.8
    2020-08-12 13:25 5 h 25 min 561.7 4727.1 1501.9 6147.3
    2020-09-23 06:01 8 h 1 min 515.6 2533.6 842.2 3645.5
    2021-05-26 15:20 7 h 20 min 0.0 1511.3 1341.7 1248.3
    2021-07-19 12:25 4 h 25 min 446.4 4705.2 772.6 6098.4
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  2020年8月1日08:00北京探空和14:00天津遥感探空廓线对流参数对比

    Table  2  Comparison of convective parameters processed from Beijing radiosonde at 0800 BT and Tianjin Remote-Atmospheric Profile System at 1400 BT on 1 Aug 2020

    对流参数 08:00北京探空 14:00天津遥感探空廓线
    对流有效位能/(J·kg-1) 451.7 1455.4
    对流抑制能量/(J·kg-1) 297.0 5.1
    K指数 37 39
    抬升指数/℃ -1.73 -4.37
    自由对流高度/hPa 554.9 943.2
    整层比湿积分/(g·hPa·kg-1) 4293.7 5618.5
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2022-05-05
  • 修回日期:  2022-07-15
  • 刊出日期:  2022-09-15

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