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微波辐射计联合云雷达的相对湿度校正方法

张婷 焦志敏 茆佳佳 张雪芬 王彦霏 陈沛宇 金龙

张婷, 焦志敏, 茆佳佳, 等. 微波辐射计联合云雷达的相对湿度校正方法. 应用气象学报, 2024, 35(5): 551-563. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20240504..
引用本文: 张婷, 焦志敏, 茆佳佳, 等. 微波辐射计联合云雷达的相对湿度校正方法. 应用气象学报, 2024, 35(5): 551-563. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20240504.
Zhang Ting, Jiao Zhimin, Mao Jiajia, et al. Relative humidity correction method of microwave radiometer combined with cloud radar. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2024, 35(5): 551-563. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20240504.
Citation: Zhang Ting, Jiao Zhimin, Mao Jiajia, et al. Relative humidity correction method of microwave radiometer combined with cloud radar. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2024, 35(5): 551-563. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20240504.

微波辐射计联合云雷达的相对湿度校正方法

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20240504
资助项目: 

国家重点研发计划 2022YFC3004101

中国气象局气象探测中心青年科技课题 MOCQN202211

河北省气象局科研开发项目 24ky08

详细信息
    通信作者:

    焦志敏, 邮箱: jiaozhim@163.com

Relative Humidity Correction Method of Microwave Radiometer Combined with Cloud Radar

  • 摘要: 基于中国气象局大气探测试验基地地基遥感垂直廓线系统中云雷达与微波辐射计同址观测的优势, 使用2021年8月—2022年7月毫米波云雷达、探空数据, 分析云雷达反射率因子与相对湿度特征关系, 提出联合云雷达的微波辐射计相对湿度分段校正方法, 实现云区微波辐射计相对湿度实时校正, 并利用2023年1—8月探空和2023年7—8月ERA5(ECMWF reanalysis version 5)逐小时再分析数据进行误差分析。结果表明: 入云区的相对湿度与反射率因子间呈正相关关系, 云区中段相对湿度近似饱和状态, 出云区与入云区相对湿度随高度变化近似对称; 层状云条件下校正后微波辐射计与探空和ERA5相对湿度的均方根误差比校正前分别减小7.99%和8.91%, 偏差中位数绝对值分别减小12.62%和13.05%, 且连续观测时次经校正后误差均减小, 校正效果较好; 对流云条件下校正效果也较好, 但部分个例存在过度校正。因此, 联合云雷达的相对湿度分段校正方法能够实现微波辐射计相对湿度廓线的连续实时校正, 可提高有云条件下微波辐射计的观测质量。
  • 图  1  云区探空相对湿度与云雷达反射率因子关系

    Fig. 1  Relationship between relative humidity of radiosonde and reflectivity factor of cloud radar in cloud

    图  1  云区探空相对湿度与云雷达反射率因子关系

    Fig. 1  Relationship between relative humidity of radiosonde and reflectivity factor of cloud radar in cloud

    图  2  年8月7日08:00和10月14日20:00探空相对湿度和云雷达反射率因子廓线

    Fig. 2  Relative humidity profiles of radiosonde and reflectivity factor of cloud radar at 0800 BT 7 Aug and 2000 BT 14 Oct in 2021

    图  2  年8月7日08:00和10月14日20:00探空相对湿度和云雷达反射率因子廓线

    Fig. 2  Relative humidity profiles of radiosonde and reflectivity factor of cloud radar at 0800 BT 7 Aug and 2000 BT 14 Oct in 2021

    图  3  入云区探空相对湿度与云雷达反射率因子的关系

    Fig. 3  Relationship between relative humidity of radiosonde and reflectivity factor of cloud radar in cloud-entering region

    图  3  入云区探空相对湿度与云雷达反射率因子的关系

    Fig. 3  Relationship between relative humidity of radiosonde and reflectivity factor of cloud radar in cloud-entering region

    图  4  云区中段探空温度和冰面相对湿度箱线图

    Fig. 4  Box plots of temperature and relative humidity on ice surface of radiosonde in middle part of cloud

    图  4  云区中段探空温度和冰面相对湿度箱线图

    Fig. 4  Box plots of temperature and relative humidity on ice surface of radiosonde in middle part of cloud

    图  5  探空出云区和入云区相对湿度与归一化高度关系

    Fig. 5  Relationship between relative humidity of radiosonde and normalized height in cloud-exiting and cloud-entering regions

    图  5  探空出云区和入云区相对湿度与归一化高度关系

    Fig. 5  Relationship between relative humidity of radiosonde and normalized height in cloud-exiting and cloud-entering regions

    图  6  年1—8月层状云条件下校正前后微波辐射计与探空相对湿度偏差箱线图

    Fig. 6  Box plots for relative humidity deviation of microwave radiometer before and after correction to radiosonde under stratiform cloud from Jan to Aug in 2023

    图  6  年1—8月层状云条件下校正前后微波辐射计与探空相对湿度偏差箱线图

    Fig. 6  Box plots for relative humidity deviation of microwave radiometer before and after correction to radiosonde under stratiform cloud from Jan to Aug in 2023

    图  7  年7月1日—8月10日层状云条件下校正前后微波辐射计与ERA5相对湿度偏差箱线图

    Fig. 7  Box plots for relative humidity deviation of microwave radiometer before and after correction to ERA5 under stratiform cloud from 1 Jul to 10 Aug in 2023

    图  7  年7月1日—8月10日层状云条件下校正前后微波辐射计与ERA5相对湿度偏差箱线图

    Fig. 7  Box plots for relative humidity deviation of microwave radiometer before and after correction to ERA5 under stratiform cloud from 1 Jul to 10 Aug in 2023

    图  8  年7月28日08:00—29日10:00连续云天条件下云反射率因子(a)和校正前后微波辐射计与ERA5相对湿度的均方根误差(b)

    Fig. 8  Reflectivity(a) and relative humidity root mean square error of microwave radiometer before and after correction to ERA5(b) under continuous cloudy sky from 0800 BT 28 Jul to 1000 BT 29 Jul in 2023

    图  8  年7月28日08:00—29日10:00连续云天条件下云反射率因子(a)和校正前后微波辐射计与ERA5相对湿度的均方根误差(b)

    Fig. 8  Reflectivity(a) and relative humidity root mean square error of microwave radiometer before and after correction to ERA5(b) under continuous cloudy sky from 0800 BT 28 Jul to 1000 BT 29 Jul in 2023

    图  9  层状云条件下校正前后微波辐射计与探空(a)和ERA5(b)相对湿度对比

    Fig. 9  Relative humidity comparison of microwave radiometer before and after correction and radiosonde(a) and ERA5(b) under stratiform cloud

    图  9  层状云条件下校正前后微波辐射计与探空(a)和ERA5(b)相对湿度对比

    Fig. 9  Relative humidity comparison of microwave radiometer before and after correction and radiosonde(a) and ERA5(b) under stratiform cloud

    图  10  对流云条件下校正前后微波辐射计相对湿度与探空相对湿度偏差箱线图

    Fig. 10  Box plots for relative humidity deviation of microwave radiometer before and after correction to radiosonde under convective cloud

    图  10  对流云条件下校正前后微波辐射计相对湿度与探空相对湿度偏差箱线图

    Fig. 10  Box plots for relative humidity deviation of microwave radiometer before and after correction to radiosonde under convective cloud

    图  11  对流云条件下校正前后微波辐射计相对湿度与ERA5相对湿度偏差箱线图

    Fig. 11  Box plots for relative humidity deviation of microwave radiometer before and after correction to ERA5 under convective cloud

    图  11  对流云条件下校正前后微波辐射计相对湿度与ERA5相对湿度偏差箱线图

    Fig. 11  Box plots for relative humidity deviation of microwave radiometer before and after correction to ERA5 under convective cloud

    图  12  对流云条件下校正前后微波辐射计与探空(a)和ERA5(b)相对湿度的对比

    Fig. 12  Relative humidity comparison of microwave radiometer before and after correction to radiosonde(a) and ERA5(b) under convective cloud

    图  12  对流云条件下校正前后微波辐射计与探空(a)和ERA5(b)相对湿度的对比

    Fig. 12  Relative humidity comparison of microwave radiometer before and after correction to radiosonde(a) and ERA5(b) under convective cloud

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  • 收稿日期:  2024-03-21
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