Vol.31,  No.6, 
October  2020
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Li Yu, Ma Shuqing, Yang Ling, et al. Wind field verification for array weather radar at Changsha Airport. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2020, 31(6): 681-693. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20200604.
Citation: Li Yu, Ma Shuqing, Yang Ling, et al. Wind field verification for array weather radar at Changsha Airport. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2020, 31(6): 681-693. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20200604.
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Wind Field Verification for Array Weather Radar at Changsha Airport

  • 1.

    College of Electronic Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225

  • 2.

    CMA Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Sounding, Chengdu 610225

  • 3.

    Meteorological Observation Center of CMA, Beijing 100081

  • 4.

    Institute of Atmospheric Physics, China Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029

  • 5.

    Rayshon Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing 100089

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    Abstract
  • Synthesizing or retrieving the radial velocity of weather radar can obtain a three-dimensional wind field, which is an important research direction in radar meteorology. A fine three-dimensional wind field helps to study the structure and motion characteristics of small-scale and meso-scale weather systems. Array weather radar (AWR) consists of three-phased array transmit-receive subarrays (referred as transceiver subarrays), which is used for synchronous detection. AWR data are of high temporal and spatial resolution, thus ensuring the correctness of wind field synthesis and retrieval.According to domestic and aboard research, three-dimensional variational data assimilation (3DVAR) wind field retrieval algorithm is quite mature. Using AWR data of 10 rainfall cases at Changsha airport from April to September in 2019, the wind field is retrieved and evaluated. In the three-dimensional fine detection area of the AWR, detection data of a L-band boundary layer wind profile radar and the AWR synthetic wind field are used as reference value to evaluate the retrieved wind field.Results show that the retrieved wind field, the synthetic wind field, and wind profile radar product are more consistent and reasonable in stable precipitation process. In addition, the result error is larger in convective precipitation. The unevenness of the environmental wind field in convective precipitation can reduce the accuracy of wind measurement, and therefore it is not enough to explain the rationality of the AWR retrieved wind field. The wind profile radar is quite different from the AWR retrieved and the synthetic wind field. For different precipitation types, the wind field structure retrieved by AWR and the wind field obtained by AWR synthetic wind field are consistent with the basic characteristics of various weather systems. The spatial distribution and size direction of the horizontal wind field of two algorithms are very close. Error results show that the relative deviation of horizontal wind speed in the stable and convective precipitation is less than 19% and 29%, and the difference of horizontal wind direction is lower than 14.92° and 26.35°, respectively. The error is within the acceptable range. Compared with the AWR synthetic wind field, the retrieved wind field result during stable precipitation process is better than that during convective precipitation process.
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  • Fig  1.   Deployment diagram and spatial detection schematic diagram of the AWR consisting of three transmit-receive subarrays

    (the red rectangle denotes the 3DVAR wind field retrieval area, the red dot denotes the wind profile radar station at the airport)

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    Fig  2.   Horizontal wind field at different heights during 1530—1730 BT on 12 May 2019

    (a)wind profile radar products, (b)the AWR retrieval wind field, (c)the AWR synthetic wind field

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    Fig  3.   Horizontal wind field at different heights during 1800—2000 BT on 18 Aug 2019

    (a)wind profile radar products, (b)the AWR retrieval wind field, (c)the AWR synthetic wind field

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    Fig  4.   Error charts of 5 stable precipitation cases

    (a)horizontal wind speed root mean square error, (b)horizontal wind speed relative root mean square error, (c)horizontal wind direction root mean square error

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    Fig  5.   Horizontal wind for the AWR synthetic wind field and the AWR retrieved wind field at 170512 BT 25 Aug 2019 (the shaded is the reflectivity factor)

    (a)the AWR synthetic wind field, 3 km height, (b)the AWR retrieved wind field, 3 km height, (c)the AWR synthetic wind field, 5 km height, (d)the AWR retrieved wind field, 5 km height

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    Fig  6.   Error charts of 5 stable precipitation cases

    (a)horizontal wind speed root mean square error, (b)horizontal wind speed relative root mean square error, (c)horizontal wind direction root mean square error

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    Fig  7.   Horizontal wind for the AWR synthetic wind field and the AWR retrieved wind field at 145200 BT 21 Aug 2019 (the shaded is reflectivity factor)

    (a)the AWR synthetic wind field, 3 km height, (b)the AWR retrieved wind field, 3 km height, (c)the AWR synthetic wind field, 5 km height, (d)the AWR retrieved wind field, 5 km height

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    Table  1   Precipitation cases and description

    降水个例 时间 降水类型 与风廓线雷达产品对比时段 对比分析时刻
    1 2019-04-26T17:50—20:00 对流性降水 18:00—20:00 19:00:00
    2 2019-04-29T13:00—14:30 稳定性降水 13:15—14:15 13:35:12
    3 2019-05-12T15:30—18:00 稳定性降水 15:30—17:30 16:30:00
    4 2019-06-01T13:00—14:30 稳定性降水 13:00—13:50 13:20:00
    5 2019-07-12T12:20—14:30 稳定性降水 12:25—13:05 12:47:12
    6 2019-07-19T14:00—15:50 对流性降水 14:30—15:20 14:50:00
    7 2019-08-18T18:00—19:30 对流性降水 18:35—19:05 18:55:12
    8 2019-08-21T14:00—16:00 对流性降水 降水回波未经过风廓线 14:52:00
    9 2019-08-25T16:50—18:20 稳定性降水 16:55—17:15 17:05:12
    10 2019-09-10T17:50—19:00 对流性降水 18:00—18:30 18:15:12
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    Table  2   Radial velocity consistency analysis of the midpoint position on the connecting line of different subarrays

    高度/km A点径向速度/(m·s-1) B点径向速度/(m·s-1) C点径向速度/(m·s-1)
    子阵1 子阵2 子阵1 子阵3 子阵2 子阵3
    1.0 2.43 -2.53 7.62 -8.09 5.64 -6.75
    1.5 -11.86 9.84 6.58 -5.18 7.19 -7.42
    2.0 -19.41 17.30 -14.17 12.03 6.70 -8.09
    2.5 -19.13 17.66 -18.94 16.59 3.02 -4.69
    3.0 -20.48 18.60 -21.43 18.92 4.60 -5.24
    3.5 -19.46 17.13 -20.98 18.95 2.46 -3.06
    4.0 -17.84 16.89 -19.78 17.38 1.97 -1.63
    4.5 -17.25 16.34 -16.56 15.67 2.94 -3.85
    5.0 -15.94 14.04 -15.50 15.84 2.99 -3.55
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    Table  3   Mean absolute deviation, root mean square error and relative root mean square error of horizontal wind speed and direction of the AWR retrieved wind field and wind profile radar products in the case analysis period

    降水个例 分析时段 水平风速 水平风向
    平均绝对偏差/ (m·s-1) 均方根误差/ (m·s-1) 相对均方根误差/% 平均绝对偏差/(°) 均方根误差/(°)
    2 2019-04-29T13:15—14:15 2.85 3.27 24 7.15 10.06
    3 2019-05-12T15:30—17:30 3.74 3.21 20 10.81 15.87
    4 2019-06-01T13:00—13:50 3.96 3.48 29 9.19 15.55
    5 2019-07-12T12:25—13:05 2.10 2.91 19 5.72 7.56
    9 2019-08-25T16:55—17:15 1.28 3.92 31 9.42 17.49
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    Table  4   Mean absolute deviation, root mean square error and relative root mean square error of horizontal wind speed and direction of the AWR retrieved wind and wind profile radar products in the case analysis period

    降水个例 分析时段 水平风速 水平风向
    平均绝对偏差/ (m·s-1) 均方根误差/ (m·s-1) 相对均方根误差/% 平均绝对偏差/(°) 均方根误差/(°)
    1 2019-04-26T18:00—20:00 2.07 3.47 44 47.60 41.46
    6 2019-07-19T14:30—15:20 1.96 2.66 56 42.82 33.88
    7 2019-08-18T18:35—19:05 2.94 5.57 55 55.89 58.24
    10 2019-09-10T18:00—18:30 1.52 4.54 73 39.79 52.89
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    • Received : 2020-06-14
    • Accepted : 2020-08-30
    • Published : 2020-10-26
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