Vertical Activity Characteristics of Pleonomus Canaliculatus in Winter Wheat and Summer Maize Rotation Fields

Zhao Huarong; Ren Sanxue; Qi Yue; Zhang Ling; Tian Xiaoli; Yang Chao; Hu Lili

doi:10.11898/1001-7313.20240407

Vol.35, NO.4, 2024

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Zhao Huarong, Ren Sanxue, Qi Yue, et al. Vertical activity characteristics of Pleonomus canaliculatus in winter wheat and summer maize rotation fields. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2024, 35(4): 467-479. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20240407.

Citation:

Zhao Huarong, Ren Sanxue, Qi Yue, et al. Vertical activity characteristics of Pleonomus canaliculatus in winter wheat and summer maize rotation fields. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2024, 35(4): 467-479. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20240407.

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Vertical Activity Characteristics of Pleonomus Canaliculatus in Winter Wheat and Summer Maize Rotation Fields

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20240407

Zhao Huarong^{1, 2, 3
,
,},
Ren Sanxue^{1, 2, 3},
Qi Yue⁴,
Zhang Ling⁵,
Tian Xiaoli³,
Yang Chao⁶,
Hu Lili⁶

1.
Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081
2.
Henan Key Laboratory of Agro-meteorological Support and Applied Technique, CMA, ZhengZhou 450003
3.
Hebei Gucheng Agricultural Meteorology National Observation and Research Station, Baoding 072656
4.
Institute of Arid Meteorology of CMA/Gansu Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster/Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Disaster Reduction of CMA, Lanzhou 730020
5.
Gansu Meteorological Information and Technical Equip Safeguard Center, Lanzhou 730020
6.
Baoding Meteorological Bureau of Hebei, Baoding 071000

Received Date: 2024-04-11
Rev Recd Date: 2024-06-11
Publish Date: 2024-07-31

Abstract

Abstract

Based on the stratified survey data of Pleonomus canaliculatus in the soil of winter wheat and summer maize rotation field in North China Plain, the vertical activity of Pleonomus canaliculatus in the soil of winter wheat and summer maize rotation fields, the correlation between meteorological conditions and farmland planting management are observed and analyzed, and effects of Pleonomus canaliculatus damage on the yield of winter wheat are analyzed. By combining the insect population weight index with population density index, characteristics of the harm-dormancy activity of Pleonomus canaliculatus are investigated comprehensively in different soil layers. Results show that in the winter wheat and summer maize rotation growing season, there are 3 harm and 3 dormant periods, 3 harm periods appear in the winter wheat regreening-jointing period, the summer maize seedling period and the autumn seedling period of winter wheat, and 3 dormant periods appear in winter wheat overwintering period, winter wheat ripening-harvesting period and summer maize filling-ripening period. Among 3 harm periods, winter wheat regreening-jointing period is the most serious, which could lead to serious yield reduction of winter wheat. Winter is warmer, and spring temperature is warmer early, so Pleonomus canaliculatus exhibits characteristics of going down late and coming up early, which shortens the dormant period in winter and prolong the harmful activity period. Soil temperature, moisture, and the relationship between food and source affect the damage, dormancy, and feeding activities of Pleonomus canaliculatus. The suitable soil moisture content for it is about 15% to 18%, and the suitable soil temperature is 14 to 18 ℃. In summer, Pleonomus canaliculatus may enter dormancy or reduce activity due to lack of food sources or high temperatures and humidity of soil, Pleonomus canaliculatus can enter the dormancy or reduced activity. The analysis of winter wheat yield reduction caused by Pleonomus canaliculatus damage shows that the yield reduction rate is increased by 5.1% with an increase of 10 m^-2 in insect population density or with an increase of 1.0 g·m^-2 in insect weight. Results provide reference for agricultural production in North China to address climate change and scientifically manage farm to avoid diseases and pests.
- Pleonomus canaliculatus;
- vertical activity;
- winter wheat;
- summer maize;
- rotation field

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References(31)

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1 Vertical distribution characteristics of Pleonomus canaliculatus (population density ratio, population weight ratio) in winter wheat and summer maize rotation fields during 2019—2020 and 2021—2022

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Fig. 2 Relationship between population density and population weight of Pleonomus canaliculatus in winter wheat and summer maize rotation fields during 2019-2020 and 2021-2022

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Fig. 3 Changes of population density and weight of Pleonomus canaliculatus in winter wheat and summer maize rotation fields during 2019-2020 and 2021-2022

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Fig. 4 Changes of population density of Pleonomus canaliculatus in winter wheat and summer maize rotation fields during 2019-2020 and 2021-2022

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Fig. 5 Averaged dekad air temperature, dekad soil temperature and activity of Pleonomus canaliculatus in 2020 and 2022

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Fig. 6 Averaged 0-30 cm soil moisture content in winter wheat and summer maize rotation fields from 2019 to 2023

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Table 1 Population density ratio, population weight ratio of Pleonomus canaliculatus and average characteristics of maximum Pleonomus canaliculatus at crops development stage in 0-10 cm soil layer

名称	时段	冬小麦越冬期	冬小麦返青-拔节期	冬小麦成熟-收获期	夏玉米幼苗期	夏玉米灌浆-成熟期	冬小麦秋苗期
虫口密度占比/%	2019—2020年	1.80	60.13	32.17	43.23	9.34	52.90
	2021—2022年	10.29	83.91	57.14	61.90	23.00	62.27
	平均	6.05	72.02	44.66	52.57	16.17	57.59
虫口重量占比/%	2019—2020年	0.97	53.17	14.83	44.41	6.09	41.23
	2021—2022年	6.17	77.70	46.71	54.85	16.86	47.90
	平均	3.57	65.44	30.77	49.63	11.48	44.57
最大沟金针虫平均长度/mm	2019—2020年	26.65	30.55	29.21	30.00	26.70	28.01
	2021—2022年	28.98	31.14	26.29	29.02	28.11	28.67
	平均	27.82	30.85	27.75	29.51	27.41	28.34
最大沟金针虫平均宽度/mm	2019—2020年	3.43	3.82	3.85	4.02	3.60	3.78
	2021—2022年	3.91	3.98	3.52	3.84	3.72	3.80
	平均	3.69	3.90	3.69	3.93	3.66	3.79

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Table 2 Relationship between population density, population weight of Pleonomus canaliculatus and pest infestation rate, grain yield reduction rate in 2020 and 2022

项目	2020年		2022年		平均变率
项目	关系式	R²	关系式	R²	平均变率
虫口密度与虫害株率	y=0.6667x+13.684	0.9311	y=0.4628x-4.1997	0.9188	5.65%·(10 m^-2)^-1
虫口重量与虫害株率	y=5.8605x+12.852	0.9215	y=5.0494x-3.402	0.9122	5.46%·(1.0 g·m^-2)^-1
虫口密度与减产率	y=-0.5275x-17.96	0.8694	y=-0.4974x+8.2421	0.9704	-5.13%·(10 m^-2)^-1
虫口重量与减产率	y=-4.6974x-16.884	0.8833	y=-5.4246x+7.3687	0.9626	-5.06%·(1.0 g·m^-2)^-1
虫害株率与减产率	y=-0.797x-6.8235	0.9477	y=-1.0069x+1.503	0.9271	-9.02%·(10.0 %)^-1

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