Vol.35, NO.5, 2024
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Article Navigation >  Journal of Applied Meteorological Science  > 2024  >  35(5): 551-563
Zhang Ting, Jiao Zhimin, Mao Jiajia, et al. Relative humidity correction method of microwave radiometer combined with cloud radar. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2024, 35(5): 551-563. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20240504.
Citation: Zhang Ting, Jiao Zhimin, Mao Jiajia, et al. Relative humidity correction method of microwave radiometer combined with cloud radar. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2024, 35(5): 551-563. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20240504.
shu

Relative Humidity Correction Method of Microwave Radiometer Combined with Cloud Radar

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20240504
  • 1.

    Meteorological Technology and Equipment Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050000

  • 2.

    Meteorological Observation Center of CMA, Beijing 100081

  • Received Date: 2024-03-21
  • Rev Recd Date: 2024-05-27
  • Publish Date: 2024-09-30
    Abstract
  • The microwave radiometer can detect and retrieve temperature and humidity profiles with high spatial and temporal resolution throughout the day. However, microwave radiometers have few detection frequencies in the middle and upper layers, making them easily affected by clouds. After integrating cloud information into brightness temperature data, the improvement in detection accuracy in the middle and upper layers still remains insufficient, failing to meet accuracy standards required for relative humidity. With the construction of a national ground-based remote sensing vertical profile system, the continuous observation of cloud radar and microwave radiometer at the same site has been achieved, enhancing the spatial and temporal resolution. Combined with the relationship between humidity and cloud formation, a comprehensive quality control method is proposed for relative humidity using cloud radar and microwave radiometer. It plays a crucial role in enhancing the accuracy of humidity profile of microwave radiometer under cloudy conditions.By analyzing the characteristic relationship between the cloud radar reflectivity factor and the radiosonde relative humidity, a piecewise correction method for the microwave radiometer relative humidity of the combined cloud radar is proposed. Error correction results are analyzed using the radiosonde and ERA5 data. It shows that there is a positive linear correlation between the relative humidity and the reflectivity factor, the relative humidity in the middle of the cloud region is approximately saturated, and the relative humidity variation trend with the height of the cloud exit region and the cloud entry region is approximately symmetric about a certain height. Under the condition of stratiform clouds, the root mean square error of relative humidity by microwave radiometer decreases by 7.99% and 8.91% when comparing with radiosonde and ERA5, and the absolute value of median deviation decreases by 12.62% and 13.05%, respectively. The absolute median deviation also decreases. Further investigation indicates the method is also effective under the condition of convection cloud, but the relative humidity in the cloud region after correction is larger than that of sounding and ERA5, and the median deviation changes from negative deviation to positive deviation. Therefore, the relative humidity segment correction method of combing cloud radar can realize the continuous real-time correction of the relative humidity profile of microwave radiometer, which partly improves the observation quality of microwave radiometer under cloud conditions.
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  • Fig. 1  Relationship between relative humidity of radiosonde and reflectivity factor of cloud radar in cloud

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    Fig. 1  Relationship between relative humidity of radiosonde and reflectivity factor of cloud radar in cloud

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    Fig. 2  Relative humidity profiles of radiosonde and reflectivity factor of cloud radar at 0800 BT 7 Aug and 2000 BT 14 Oct in 2021

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    Fig. 2  Relative humidity profiles of radiosonde and reflectivity factor of cloud radar at 0800 BT 7 Aug and 2000 BT 14 Oct in 2021

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    Fig. 3  Relationship between relative humidity of radiosonde and reflectivity factor of cloud radar in cloud-entering region

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    Fig. 3  Relationship between relative humidity of radiosonde and reflectivity factor of cloud radar in cloud-entering region

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    Fig. 4  Box plots of temperature and relative humidity on ice surface of radiosonde in middle part of cloud

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    Fig. 4  Box plots of temperature and relative humidity on ice surface of radiosonde in middle part of cloud

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    Fig. 5  Relationship between relative humidity of radiosonde and normalized height in cloud-exiting and cloud-entering regions

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    Fig. 5  Relationship between relative humidity of radiosonde and normalized height in cloud-exiting and cloud-entering regions

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    Fig. 6  Box plots for relative humidity deviation of microwave radiometer before and after correction to radiosonde under stratiform cloud from Jan to Aug in 2023

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    Fig. 6  Box plots for relative humidity deviation of microwave radiometer before and after correction to radiosonde under stratiform cloud from Jan to Aug in 2023

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    Fig. 7  Box plots for relative humidity deviation of microwave radiometer before and after correction to ERA5 under stratiform cloud from 1 Jul to 10 Aug in 2023

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    Fig. 7  Box plots for relative humidity deviation of microwave radiometer before and after correction to ERA5 under stratiform cloud from 1 Jul to 10 Aug in 2023

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    Fig. 8  Reflectivity(a) and relative humidity root mean square error of microwave radiometer before and after correction to ERA5(b) under continuous cloudy sky from 0800 BT 28 Jul to 1000 BT 29 Jul in 2023

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    Fig. 8  Reflectivity(a) and relative humidity root mean square error of microwave radiometer before and after correction to ERA5(b) under continuous cloudy sky from 0800 BT 28 Jul to 1000 BT 29 Jul in 2023

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    Fig. 9  Relative humidity comparison of microwave radiometer before and after correction and radiosonde(a) and ERA5(b) under stratiform cloud

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    Fig. 9  Relative humidity comparison of microwave radiometer before and after correction and radiosonde(a) and ERA5(b) under stratiform cloud

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    Fig. 10  Box plots for relative humidity deviation of microwave radiometer before and after correction to radiosonde under convective cloud

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    Fig. 10  Box plots for relative humidity deviation of microwave radiometer before and after correction to radiosonde under convective cloud

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    Fig. 11  Box plots for relative humidity deviation of microwave radiometer before and after correction to ERA5 under convective cloud

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    Fig. 11  Box plots for relative humidity deviation of microwave radiometer before and after correction to ERA5 under convective cloud

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    Fig. 12  Relative humidity comparison of microwave radiometer before and after correction to radiosonde(a) and ERA5(b) under convective cloud

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    Fig. 12  Relative humidity comparison of microwave radiometer before and after correction to radiosonde(a) and ERA5(b) under convective cloud

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    • Received : 2024-03-21
    • Accepted : 2024-05-27
    • Published : 2024-09-30
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