Advances of the Study on Tibetan Plateau Experiment of Atmospheric Sciences

A review of the research work on Tibetan Plateau for the recent 50 years is given. Especially, the important results for the first atmospheric science experiment on Tibetan Plateau in 1979 (QXPMEX) and the second one in 1998 (TIPEX) are suggested.It is found the long-frenquency oscillation which is inherent in Tibet Plateau tropospheric circulation and marked by out-ward propagation and the characteristics of Ekman spiral of PBL can be seen over Tibetan Plateau. The height of PBL is found to be as high as 2200 m over Tibetan Plateau, it is much higher than those in the plain areas. Dynamic and thermodynamic structures, as well as the characteristics of turbulence and convective clouds in the Plateau are discussed. A comprehensive physical pattern of convective structure of PBL is also given. It is found that under the condition of proper cloud cover, extremely high values of global solar radiation, effective radiation and surface net radiation are measured and the rain storm and flooding associated with the initial convective cloud system can be tracked to the Tibetan Plateau area. The regional impacts of heat source and heat sink associated with changes of the surface albedo over Tibetan Plateau are discussed. And the seasonal scale change of mid-long wave in the atmosphere is under the influence of the regional and seasonal change that is brought by the heat source and sink. The feedback of annual scale change of snow cover on the Tibetan Plateau is also emphasized in the research result, it shows that the planetary scale circulation on the Tibetan Plateau, the anomaly of SST and their interactions can be influenced by the snow cover. There are remarkable evolutions of the interactions of Tibetan Plateau and Asian monsoon. It is found that the availability of sensitive heat pump (SHAP) induces the abrupt air circulation from winter to summer and the South Asian High jump to the north, and maintains the period of the monsoon. It is found that Tibetan Plateau and its eastern areas "large triangle" are key areas for the transportation of water vapor flow. It is a very important rule to form the rain storm and the flooding in the Yangtze River during Meiyu period. The characteristics of matter transfer and ozone anomaly on Tibetan Plateau are found. There is a low value center of ozone on Tibetan Plateau in summer and the descending trend of ozone in Lhasa is notable than that of the east of China at the same latitude. Lhasa locates in the areas of ozone low value center.