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Deng Hanqing, Luo Yong. Continuous spring and meiyu rainfall in the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze during the past 50 years. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2013, 24(1): 23-31. .
Citation: Deng Hanqing, Luo Yong. Continuous spring and meiyu rainfall in the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze during the past 50 years. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2013, 24(1): 23-31. .
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Continuous Spring and Meiyu Rainfall in the Mid-lower Reaches of the Yangtze During the Past 50 Years

  • 1.

    Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disater of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044

  • 2.

    Center for Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084

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    Abstract
  • Using the daily precipitation data from 52 meteorological stations in the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data from 1961 to 2009, the characteristics of spring and Meiyu precipitation are analyzed. It shows that spring precipitation takes on significant inter-annual and inter-decadal variations while Meiyu precipitation doesn't. Based on the annual spring and Meiyu precipitation characteristics, it is divided into four classes: Flood-flood, flood-drought, drought-drought and drought-flood. Generally, drought-drought and flood-flood events take place frequently. The variation of circulation features affects the precipitation anomaly too. The mechanism of different type is also discussed, finding the correlation coefficient between previous winter Niño3 index and spring, Meiyu precipitation to be 0.42 and 0.30, which reach 0.01 and 0.05 levels, respectively. The previous winter snow of Tibetan Plateau and western Pacific summer monsoon index are shown both significantly correlated with Meiyu precipitation. The abundant water vapor is carried by the anomalous southerly from the South China Sea and the western Pacific, the western Pacific subtropical anticyclone strengthens, and its position leans westward in June. That would make a successive flood event. When water vapor over the reaches is abundant but insufficient in source region, position of the western Pacific subtropical anticyclone appears from west to east anomaly in spring and Meiyu periods, and that would cause the flood-drought events. When water vapor is insufficient in both areas, drought event occurs. In 2011, a sudden turn of drought and flood takes place in the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze, leading to big economic losses of agriculture. The factors which may cause the sudden turn of drought and flood events are analyzed. The sea surface temperature anomaly of the equatorial eastern Pacific happens in precious winter and less water vapor cause spring drought, and with Meiyu occuring, the western Pacific subtropical anticyclone moving westward and precipitation increasing greatly. On the basis of preliminary analysis of related impact factors, numerical experiments are needed to evaluate the result further.
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  • Fig  1.   Location of the selected stations in the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze

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    Fig  2.   The variations of Meiyu period, June and June—July precipitation in the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze during 1961—2009

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    Fig  3.   The trend of spring (a) and Meiyu (b) precipitation in the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze during 1961—2009

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    Fig  4.   The quadrant pattern of spring and Meiyu precipitation anomaly in the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze during 1961—2009

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    Fig  5.   The distribution of correlation coefficients between previous winter SST and spring (a), Meiyu (b) precipitation, respectively

    (shaded areas represent passing the test of 0.05 level)

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    Fig  6.   The trends of previous winter snow depth of Tibetan Plateau, western Pacific summer monsoon index of June and Meiyu precipitation

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    Fig  7.   The spatial distribution of wind (vector) and specific humidity (shaded) at 850 hPa in spring

    (a) climate mean, (b) anomaly in flood-drought events, (c) anomaly in drought-drought events, (d) anomaly in flood-flood events

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    Fig  8.   500 hPa WPSH in the climate mean (solid line) and average of abnormal years (dotted line) in spring (unit:gpm)

    (a) flood-flood events, (b) flood-drought events, (c) drought-drought events

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    Fig  9.   500 hPa WPSH in the climate mean (solid line) and average of abnormal years (dotted line) in June (unit:gpm)

    (a) flood-flood events, (b) flood-drought events, (c) drought-drought events

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    Fig  10.   The spatial distribution of wind anomaly (vector) and specific humidity anomaly (shaded) at 850 hPa in 2011(a) spring, (b) June

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    Fig  11.   The comparison of WPSH between climate state and 2011(solid line: climate state; dotted line: 2011; unit: gpm)(a) spring, (b) June

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    Table  1   The classification of common abnormal precipitation event

    事件 春季 梅雨期 年份
    连续涝 ≥+0.5倍标准差 ≥+0.5倍标准差 1975，1980，1983，1991，1995，1998，1999
    先旱后涝 ≤-0.5倍标准差 ≥+0.5倍标准差
    连续旱 ≤-0.5倍标准差 ≤-0.5倍标准差 1965，1971，1978，1985，2000，2001，2005
    先涝后旱 ≥+0.5倍标准差 ≤+0.5倍标准差 1967，1973，1977，1992，2002
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    • Received : 2012-04-19
    • Accepted : 2012-10-09
    • Published : 2013-02-27
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