Vol.25,  No.2, 
Turn off MathJax
Article Contents
Abstract
Figures and Tables
References
Related Articles
Yang Liao, Lü Weitao, Zhang Yang, et al. Application of improved cross power spectrum phase method to acoustic source localization of thunder. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2014, 25(2): 193-201. .
Citation: Yang Liao, Lü Weitao, Zhang Yang, et al. Application of improved cross power spectrum phase method to acoustic source localization of thunder. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2014, 25(2): 193-201. .
shu

Application of Improved Cross Power Spectrum Phase Method to Acoustic Source Localization of Thunder

  • 1.

    College of Electronic Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225

  • 2.

    State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081

  • 3.

    Laboratory of Lightning Physics and Protection Engineering, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081

  • 4.

    Shenzhen Meteorological Service Center, Shenzhen 518040

More Information
    Abstract
  • The thunder sound source is located by using single station lightning channel three-dimensional imaging system. Different time delaying estimation method is used, among which the cross correlation function method and the cross power spectrum phase method are mainly introduced. Considering the high frequency noise produced by the lightning process, reflection reverberation caused when the thunder reaches the ground, all kinds of noise is superimposed on the thunder signal (such as collection circuit itself noise), and an improved cross power spectrum phase delay estimation method is raised.Station imaging system is composed of microphone array and data acquisition card. A large amount of reliable data is collected by the system on the roof of Guangdong Provincal Meteorological Bureau building since 2009. Two thunder processing records in Guangzhou are selected, combined with the high speed camera data, and the cross correlation function method and the improvement cross power spectrum phase method are compared in the application of acoustic localization of thunder. First, the time difference of thunder signal reaching the different microphones is calculated by using the cross correlation function method and the improved cross power spectrum phase method. Then, the sound source azimuth and elevation angle information are solved by the array geometry. Comparing with the two-dimensional photographs observed by high speed camera, the imaging result is in good agreement, showing good reliability. As the cross correlation function method algorithm is based on the amplitude correlation, it can't distinguish the array arriving simultaneously from different sound source. Because its noise immunity is weak, the discrete imaging point can't depict the channel shape better. Instead, the improved cross power spectrum phase method calculates time delay by phase difference, and it has strong noise immunity and intensive imaging point, so it does better in discerning the branch channel. The contrast result indicates that the improved cross power spectrum phase method is better than the cross correlation function method for the low signal to noise ratio environments and multi-forked lightning. Finally, three-dimensional thunder source is obtained through the direction information and distance of thunder calculated with improved cross power phase method.The application of single station microphone array imaging system reduces the environmental requirements and costs. Although the accuracy of results is low, for close range, multi-branch, multi-ground lightning, the single station microphone array provides a simple and practical three-dimensional observation programs, and it has application prospects for small scale lightning monitoring, early warning and research. A real-time processing of three-dimensional imaging thunder sound source system is in plan, based on a single station of microphone array, and it will play its unique role in the three-dimensional structure of the lightning research.
    • FullText(HTML)
    • References (29)

  • Fig  1.   Schematic of the thunder overlapping caused by multi-branch lightning channel

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig  2.   Block diagram of the time delay estimation using cross-power spectrum phase method

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig  3.   Two simulated sound signals with multiple frequency (a) and a section of the signal (b)

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig  4.   Three methods for interference suppression ability at signal to noise ratio of-10 dB

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig  5.   The original thunder signal of lightning flash F1203 obtained by a microphone (a) and the filtered signal (b)

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig  6.   The location results of lightning flash F1203(a) the high speed images of lightning F1203 (lens focal length is 14 mm), (b) the high speed images of lightning F1203(lens focal length is 24 mm), (c) the comparison between thunder source locations using two methods and two-dimensional channels

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig  7.   A high speed image of lightning flash F0904

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig  8.   The thunder record of Microphone 1 for F0904

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Fig  9.   The location results of lightning flash F0904 (a) the comparison between thunder source locations using two methods and two-dimensional lightning channels, (b) three-dimensional locations of entire thunder sources

    DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

    Table  1   Common weighting functions

    编号 名称 加权函数
    1 互相关函数法 (CCF) 1
    2 互功率谱相位法 (CSP) Ψ12(ω)=1
    3 幅度平方加权互功率谱相位法 (ASW-CSP) Ψ12(ω)=|G12(ω)|2
    DownLoad: CSV
  • 王道洪, 郄秀书, 郭昌明.雷电与人工引雷.上海:上海交通大学出版社, 2000:1-21.
    张义军, 周秀骥.雷电研究的回顾和进展.应用气象学报, 2006, 17(6):829-834. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20060619
    马明, 吕伟涛, 张义军.1997—2006年我国雷电灾情特征.应用气象学报, 2008, 19(4):393-400. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20080402
    刘欣生.雷电物理及人工引发雷电研究十年进展与展望.高原气象, 1999, 18(3):266-272. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GYQX199903001.htm
    Few A A.Acoustic Radiations from Lightning//Handbook of Atmospheric Electrodynamics.Florida:CRC Press, 1995:1-31.
    张义军, 孟青, 马明, 等.闪电探测技术发展和资料应用.应用气象学报, 2006, 17(5):611-620. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20060504
    张文娟, 孟青, 吕伟涛, 等.时间差闪电监测网的误差分析和布局优化.应用气象学报, 2009, 20(4):402-410. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20090403
    Few A A.Lightning channel reconstruction from thunder measurement.J Geophys Res, 1970, 75:7515-7523.
    MacGorman D R.Lightning Location in a Storm with Strong Wind Shear.Texas:Department of Space Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, 1978:1-83.
    Akiyama H, Ichino K, Horii K.Channel reconstruction of trigge-red lightning flashes with bipolar currents from thunder measurements.Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres (1984—2012), 1985, 90(D6):10674-10680. DOI: 10.1029/JD090iD06p10674
    Arechiga R O, Johnson J B, Edens H E, et al.Acoustic localization of triggered lightning.Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres (1984—2012), 2011, 116, D09103, doi: 10.1029/2010JD015248.
    Johnson J B, Arechiga R O, Thomas R J, et al.Imaging thunder.Geophys Res Lett, 2011, 38, L19807, doi: 10.1029/2011GL049162.
    章涵, 王道洪, 吕伟涛, 等.基于雷声到达时间差的单站闪电通道三维定位系统.高原气象, 2012, 31(1):209-217. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-85101-1011117401.htm
    Qiu S, Zhou B H, Shi L H.Synchronized observations of cloud-to-ground lightning using VHF broadband interferometer and acoustic arrays.Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres (1984—2012), 2012, 117, D19204, doi: 10.1029/2012JD018542.
    Few A A, Teer T L.The accuracy of acoustic reconstructions of lightning channels.J Geophys Res, 1974, 79(33):5007-5011. DOI: 10.1029/JC079i033p05007
    李俊, 张义军, 吕伟涛, 等.一次多回击自然闪电的高速摄像观测.应用气象学报, 2008, 19(4):401-411. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20080403
    李俊, 吕伟涛, 张义军, 等.一次多分叉多接地的空中触发闪电过程.应用气象学报, 2010, 21(1): 95-100. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20100113
    朱广信, 陈彪, 金蓉.基于传声器阵列的声源定位.电声技术, 2003(1): 34-37. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10287-2007194606.htm
    林志斌, 徐柏龄.基于传声器阵列的声源定位.电声技术, 2004(5): 19-23. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10287-2007194606.htm
    马晓红, 陆晓燕, 殷福亮.改进的互功率谱相位时延估计方法.电子与信息学报, 2004, 26(1):53-59. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZYX200401008.htm
    Allen J B, Berkley D A.Image method for efficiently simulating small-room acoustics.The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1979, 65:943-950. DOI: 10.1121/1.382599
    Omologo M, Svaizer P.Acoustic Source Location in Noisy and Reverberant Environment Using CSP Analysis.Proc ICASSP, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, 1996, 2:921-924.
    Omologo M, Svaizer P.Acoustic Event Localization Using a Cr-osspower-spectrum Phase Based Technique.Proc ICASSP, AdeIaide, South Australia, 1994:273-276.
    陆大絟.随机过程及其应用分析.北京:清华大学出版社, 1986: 367-376.
    常建平, 李海林.随机信号分析.北京:科学出版社, 2006:123-134.
    张景川, 袁萍, 欧阳玉花.雷声在大气中传播的吸收衰减特性研究.物理学报, 2010, 59(11):8287-8392. DOI: 10.7498/aps.59.8287
    欧阳玉花, 袁萍, 贾向东, 等.用信号处理技术及传播理论还原雷声频谱.物理学报, 2013, 62(8), 084303, doi: 10.7498/aps.62.084303.
    赵真, 侯自强.广义相位谱延时估计.声学学报, 1985, 10(4):201-215. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XIBA198504000.htm
    杜功焕, 朱哲民, 龚秀芬, 等.声学基础.南京:南京大学出版社, 2001: 186-188.
    • Related Articles

  • Related Articles

    [1]Li Feng, Ruan Zheng, Wang Hongyan, Ge Runsheng. A Calibration Method of Wind Profile Radar Echo Intensity with Doppler Velocity Spectrum[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 2021, 32(3): 315-331. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20210305
    [2]Chen Ze, Tian Yufang, Lü Daren. Improving the Processing Algorithm of Beijing MST Radar Power Spectral Density Data[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 2020, 31(6): 694-705. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20200605
    [3]Sun Hao, Liu Liping, Zheng Jiafeng. Comparisons of Doppler Spectral Density Data by Different Bands Pointing Vertically Radars[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 2017, 28(4): 447-457. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20170406
    [4]Chen Haojun, Huang Xingyou, Sun Jing, Sun Juan, Yin Chunguang, Zheng Jie, Wang Qindian, Xue Hao. The Error Wind Data Processing Based on Radial Power Spectrum of Wind Profiler Radar[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 2015, 26(4): 460-471. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20150408
    [5]He Ping, Li Bai, Wu Lei, Gao Yuchun. The Method to Determine the Noise Power of Wind Profile Radar[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 2013, 24(3): 297-303.
    [6]You Fengchun, Ding Yuguo, Zhou Yu, Shi Yinshan. APPLICABILITY OF SINGULAR VALUE DECOMPOSITION AND SINGULAR CROSS-SPECTRUM TO DIAGNOSE OF RAINFALL IN NORTH CHINA[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 2003, 14(2): 176-187.
    [7]Li Yanxiang, Tian Hua, Zong Zhiping. NUMERICAL RAINFALL PREDICTION PERFORMANCE OF IMPROVED HLAFS DURING THE CATASTROPHIC FLOOD OF 1998[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 2001, 12(1): 118-122.
    [8]Gu Songyan, . Power Spectrum Analysis on the Image Quality of FA-2 & GMS-5 IR Channels[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 1999, 10(3): 374-378.
    [9]Yang Guiying, Zhang Yan. The Relationship Between Anomalous Trough over East Asia and El Nino[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 1994, 5(1): 114-118.
    [10]He Sulan Song Lianchun, . The Low Frequency Oscillation Characteristics of Typical Drought/Flood in the Low and Middle Reaches of Huanghe River[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 1993, 4(4): 402-407.

Catalog

    Figures(9)  /  Tables(1)

    Get Citation
    PDF
    XML
    Article views: 2943 PDF downloads: 1569 Cited by: 
    • Received : 2013-05-25
    • Accepted : 2014-01-16
    • Published : 2014-03-30
    Journal Online
    Contact

    © 2020 Journal of Applied Meteorological Science   京ICP备15006967号-1

    Supported by Beijing Renhe Information Technology Co. Ltd

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
    Return
    Return