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农林复合系统生态边界层特性的三维数值模拟
3-D NUMERICAL SIMULATION ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ECOLOGICAL BOUNDARY LAYER FOR AGROFOREST ECOSYSTEM
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摘要: 该文介绍了一个包含地形起伏和地面植被效应的三维生态边界层模式，与经典的边界层气象学模式相比，模式更加细腻地考虑了与农林作物生长过程有关的热力、动力学作用，诸如植被冠层引起的辐射减弱，叶面气孔引起的水汽蒸腾，以及不同土壤质地引起的热量传输等。模式较成功地模拟了我国黄淮海平原中心区大面积农林复合生态系统的生态边界层结构及其热力、动力学特性，模式的输出结果与野外的低空探测实验作了比较，其一致性是令人满意的。Abstract: A 3-D eco-boundary layer model including to pography and vegetation effect is proposed. In comparison with the traditional meteoro logical model of boundary layer, the thermal as well as dynamic effects are considered more detailed such as the solar radiation extinction with vegetation canopy, the evaportranspiration of water vapor with stomata of leaves, heat transfer with different kinds of soils during the growing process of agroforest plants. The simulated results of the model are in good agreement with the observational data in regard to the special agroforest ecosystem in the central area of Huang-Huai-Hai plain of China.
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图 2 地面和15 m处的温度日变化 (a) 地面 (1为观测值, 2为裸露地面区, 3为植被覆盖区) (b) 15 m处
(实线为观测值, 虚线为无植玻区, 点线为农林复合区, 横坐标为地方时, 下同)
表 1 模式中所用参数
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