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冬季黑潮区域海温异常对北太平洋风暴轴的影响
IMPACTS OF KUROSHIO SSTA ON STORM TRACK OVER NORTH PACIFIC IN WINTER
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摘要: 该文对15个冬季北太平洋风暴轴区域500 hPa天气尺度滤波位势高度方差与北太平洋海表温度进行了奇异值分解 (SVD) 分析.结果表明, SVD得到的第二对空间典型分布反映了冬季黑潮区域的海温异常与风暴轴的异常变化密切相关.进一步的分析显示, 黑潮区域海温异常可能通过加强风暴轴入口区的斜压性, 激发或加强500 hPa高度场上的WP遥相关型, 主要影响冬季北太平洋风暴轴在入口区的强度变化和南北位移.Abstract: Singular value decomposition (SVD) is conducted for 500 hPa filtered potential height variance of 15 storm track regions and the SST over North Pacific in winter. The results show that the second couple of mode obtained from SVD depicts the effect of Kuroshio SSTA on the interannual variability of storm. Furthermore, composite analysis indicates that the SSTA over Kuroshio in winter can give rise to or invigorate WP teleconnection response pattern of 500 hPa height field which, in turn, exerts crucial influence on the interannual variability in vigor and meridianal displacement of the storm track over North Pacific, especially over its central and western parts.
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图 1 冬季北太平洋风暴轴区域500 hPa位势高度滤波方差与同期北太平洋SST SVD分析的第二对空间典型分布 (a, b) 及其所对应的时间系数 (c中虚线)、黑潮区域SSTA的变化曲线 (c中实线)
(图a, b中等值线为相关系数, 阴影部分表示相关系数绝对值≥0.52的区域)
图 2 冬季黑潮区域 (±) SSTA时北半球500 hPa位势高度滤波方差的合成场 (a, b) 及其差值 (c)
(等值线间隔5.0 dagpm, 图中阴影部分表示通过t检验且显著性达到α=0.05信度水平的区域)
图 3 冬季黑潮区域 (±) SSTA时北半球850 hPa热量的经向通量 (a) 和垂直通量 (b) 的合成场差值分布
(等值线间隔分别为1.0 K·m·s-1 (a) 和2.0×10-2K·Pa·s-1 (b), 图中阴影部分说明同图 2)
图 4 冬季黑潮区域 (±) SSTA时北半球775 hPa斜压性指数的合成场 (a, b) 及其差值分布 (c)
(等值线间隔分别为: 0.2 d-1 (a, b) 和0.05 d-1 (c) .图中阴影部分说明同图 2)
表 1 黑潮区域SSTA变化绝对值≥0.5 ℃的月份
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