北半球春季大气臭氧变化特征及其对大气温度和环流场的影响
FEATURES OF NORTHERN SPRING ATMOSPHERIC OZONE VARIATION AND ITS EFFECT ON ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE AND CIRCULATION
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摘要: 该文利用美国1978~1993年TOMS臭氧资料以及NCEP提供的全球再分析资料, 研究北半球大气臭氧变化特征及其对大气温度和环流的影响。研究表明1987年前后北半球40°N以北的中高纬地区春季大气臭氧柱总量的趋势变化存在明显的突变, 大部分地区突然减少, 与其相对应的对流层 (平流层) 平均温度突然升高 (降低), 300 hPa (30 hPa) 层位势高度也突然增高 (下降).但是在北大西洋北部和哈德逊湾地区大气臭氧柱总量却突然增加, 与其相对应的对流层 (平流层) 平均温度突然降低 (升高), 300 hPa (30 hPa) 位势高度突然下降 (增高), 平均温度突然升高 (降低) 1~2℃.研究还表明, 大气温度和环流的趋势变化主要是由于大气臭氧的趋势变化所引起.另一方面, 在同一地区1979~1992年春季大气臭氧柱总量强弱异常年的大气温度场和环流场的差异也存在相同的分布特征, 这一事实进一步说明大气臭氧柱总量的多少是决定大气温度场和环流场差异的重要原因.Abstract: Pronounced change has been found in the trend of total ozone in an atmosphere column at extra-tropics north of 40°N around 1987, which abruptly reduced for much of the studied area, accompanied by the sudden rise (drop) in the troposphere (stratospheric) mean temperature and in the 300 hPa (30 hPa) height. Meanwhile, unexpected increase of total O3 occurred over the northern North Atlantic and Huson Bay, accompanied by the drop (rise) of the tropospheric (stratospheric) mean temperature and geopotential height at 300 hPa (30 hPa). The unexpected reduction of 10-30 DU ozone in NE China was associated with the abrupt increase (decrease) of 1-2 ℃ in the troposphere (stratosphere) mean temperature there over. The variation in the trend of the atmospheric temperature and circulation was mainly attributed to the total ozone the atmosphere.
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