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长江中下游地区水汽输送的气候特征
CLIMATOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MOISTURE TRANSPORT OVER YANGTZE RIVER BASIN
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摘要: 通过分析 1973 ～ 1998 年(共 26 年)4 月到 8 月 NCEP/ N CA R 再分析资料, 研究了夏季风期间长江中下游地区水汽输送的气候特征。 分析了旱涝年水汽输送差异, 特别考察了 1998 年长江流域洪涝期间水汽输送的一些特点, 发现长江中下游地区水汽水平输送特征在各月有很大差异。 来自孟加拉湾经中南半岛和来自华南的水汽输入是长江中下游地区水汽的主要来源。 长江中下游的旱涝与南海夏季风爆发的早晚有密切关系。 孟加拉湾地区及南海地区对长江中下游地区水汽输送的长时间维持是造成 1998 年长江流域洪涝的主要原因。Abstract: Climatological characteristics of moisture transport over the Yangtze River basin during summer monsoon are investigated based on NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data for the period of 1973—1998. The differences between drought and flood years, and especially some features of moisture transport over the Yangtze River basin in the course of flood in 1998 are examined. The results show that the characteristics of horizontal moisture transport over the Yangtze River are different from month to month. Moisture transport from the Bay of Bengal and South China is main sources of the Yangtze River basin precipitation. Droughts or floods over the Yangtze River are closely related with the onset time of summer monsoon over the South China Sea. Yangtze River basin floods chiefly resulted from the long-term maintenance of moisture transport from the South China Sea and the Bay of Bengal to the Yangtze River basin in 1998.
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Key words:
- Yangtze basin;
- Moisture transport;
- South China Sea monsoon
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