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利用生物圈模型 (SiB2) 模拟青藏高原那曲草原近地面层能量收支
MODELINGOF ENERGY BUDGET USING SIMPLE BIOSPHERE MODEL VERSION 2(SiB2) OVER TIBETAN NAQU PRAIRIE
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摘要: 模式所需要的参数被合理地设置之后, 根据GAME/ Tibet (GEWEX亚洲季风试验/青藏高原试验) 那曲近地层观测站的资料, 将大气强迫变量代入SiB2(Simple Biosphere model version2), 文章模拟了该观测站地表能量收支。结果表明:SiB2能够较好地模拟青藏高原的能量收支情况, 净辐射、潜热通量和土壤热通量的模拟值和观测值吻合, 它们的相对误差分别为8% (低估)、6% (低估) 和3 %(低估)。同时, SiB2高估感热通量达40%。文章还给出了能量各分量的详细比较分析。Abstract: SiB2 (Simple Biosphere model version 2) is adopted to simulate surface energy budget in offline mode with certain atmospheric forcing values measured in the near surface observations taken over in the Tibetan short grass prairie as a part of the GAME/Tibet (DEWEX Asian Monsoon Experiment/Tibet) experiment. On the condition that all parameters are reasonably fixed, the simulated net radiation, latent heat flux and soil heat flux are shown to be basically in agreement with observations with their relative errors being 8% (underestimated), 6% (underestimated), and 3% (underestimated), respectively; in meantime, SiB2 overestimates sensible heat flux by 40%. The detail analysis about energy components is conducted.
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Key words:
- Measurement;
- SiB2;
- Simulation;
- Energy budget
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图 1 SiB2中的大气强迫变量时间变化曲线 (向下短波辐射 (实线, W·m -2), 地表向下长波辐射 (虚线, W·m -2), 水汽压 (hPa), 气温 (K) 及观测高度的水平风速 (m·s -1) 绝对值; 30 min时间步长内的降水量 (mm))
图 2 1998年7月15~21日青藏高原那曲草原净辐射 (a)、感热通量 (b)、潜热通量 (c)、土壤热通量 (d) 及实测30 min时间步长内的降水量 (e) 模拟 (实线) 和测量 (点线) 结果
图 3 模拟的1998年7月15~21日那曲观测站植被冠层 (实线) 和裸土地表 (虚线) 部分的净辐射 (a)、感热通量 (b)、潜热 (c)、土壤热通量 (d) 和实测30 min时间步长内的降水量 (e) 结果
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