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利用雷达回波资料对夏季对流云降水的初步探讨
Discussion on Convective Cloud Precipitation in Summer Using Radar Echo Data
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摘要: 2000年7～9月在福建省建阳气象雷达站利用“713-C”数字化雷达完整地观测到101块对流云生成、发展、消亡过程。通过对这些资料分析，探讨夏季对流云降水机制。分析表明：夏季对流云中初始回波出现在0 ℃层以下，单体对流云占89.2%，多单体对流云占77.8%，其中回波及地时，主体回波扩展到冷暖区多单体明显高于单体(各为77.8%和63.9%)。由于多单体对流云其回波强度、尺度及降水时长都大于单体对流云，是夏季降水和人工催化的重要云系。Abstract: ??By using “713” digitized radar, the formation, development and dissipation processes of 101 convective clouds have been observed from July to September 2001 in the Jianyang weather radar station. Through analyzing these data, the convective cloud precipitation mechanisms in summer are discussed. The results indicate that initial echoes of 89.2% convective and 77.8% multiple-cell convective clouds appear below the 0℃ level; when the echoes reach the ground, compared to convective cells, the major echoes of obviously more multiple-cell convective clouds would expand to the cold/warm zone. Because the echo intensity, scale, precipitation time of multiple-cell convective clouds are greater than the convective cells, they are key precipitation cloud systems in summer and important to artificial precipitation.
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Key words:
- Radar echo;
- Convective cloud;
- Precipitation mechanism
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图 2 2000 年8 月2 日15 :34 ～ 17 :48 位于测站63°、95 km 和62.8°、108 km 处雷达回波时间剖面图(雷达回波强度间隔为10 dB)
表 1 降水性单体对流云(Ⅰ 类)观测结果(83 个个例)
表 2 多个降水性单体对流云合并后的对流云(Ⅱ 类)观测结果(18 个个例)
表 3 夏季单体对流云回波特征
表 4 夏季多个对流云单体合并后的对流云回波特征
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[1] 梅森 B J. 云物理学.中国科学院大气物理研究所译. 北京:科学出版社,1978. [2] 曾光平, 吴章云. 人工降水. 福州:福建省科学技术出版社,1997. -
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