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山东地区闪电的特征分析
Preliminary Analysis of Lightning Characteristics in Shandong
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摘要: 利用1998～2000年山东地区雷电探测网获取的云对地闪电资料，从闪电的日变化、闪电的强度、闪电密度、极性等方面研究了山东地区的雷电分布特征。结果表明，云地闪电中负闪占绝大多数；正闪的平均强度大于负闪，在闪电强度较小和较大时发生的正闪占总正闪电总数的比例相应地高于负闪；闪电的发生也有明显的日变化，总体呈双峰双谷形式；闪电的空间分布与地形有关，也与下垫面的性质有关。对部分城市市区闪电密度的统计分析表明，济宁、莱芜、滨州、泰安、济南等位于鲁中地区的城市更应加强人工防雷工作。Abstract: From 1998 to 2000, the data about 142588 cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flashes are collected by a five-station lightning detection and location network in Shandong Province. In order to reveal the climatic characteristics, these data are used to study the daily variation, spatial density, intensity and polarity of lightning. The results show that major cloud-to-ground flashes are negative. The ratio of positive flashes with larger or smaller intensity to total positive flashes is bigger than that of negative flashes. The mean intensity of positive CG flashes is bigger than that of the negatives. The CG flashes occur clearly with a characteristic of daily variation, in which there are two peaks and two valleys. Furthermore, the spatial distribution of lightning is closely related to the topography and the nature of the underlying surface. The statistical analysis of some cities’ lightning density shows that Jining, Laiwu, Binzhou, Taian and Jinan, which are located in the middle Shandong Province, Should pay more attention to flash strikes.
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表 1 闪电总体特征
表 2 山东省部分市(地)区的闪电统计
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