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O3浓度增加对油菜影响的诊断试验研究
A Diagnostic Experiment and Study of the Influence of O3 on Pakchoi
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摘要: 利用OTC-1型农田开顶式气室对油菜进行了不同臭氧浓度200×10-9、100×10-9、50×10-9、未过滤（25×10-9～40×10-9）和过滤掉自然大气的O3后（约为10×10-9）5个处理的长期接触试验，结果表明：目前大气本底（25×10-9～40×10-9）和50×10-9的低浓度臭氧对油菜有慢性伤害作用。臭氧浓度增加到100×10-9、200×10-9时油菜出现退绿、失水等急性伤害症状。臭氧浓度增加可导致植株矮化，株型缩小，叶片数和叶面积减少，光合速率、生物产量和经济产量下降。试验还表明，正常生长的油菜移入浓度为100×10-9、200×10-9的臭氧环境下，首先受影响的是叶肉和表皮，而此环境下的新生叶片其叶脉将首先扭曲变形。Abstract: A long time experiment on pakchoi in five O3 concentration treatments is made by using the OTC-1 open top chamber. The results show that lower O3 concentrations (25×10 –9 ~ 40×10 –9 and 50×10 –9) have chronic injury to pakchoi. When O3 concentration is up to 100×10 –9 or 200×10 –9, green pakchoi leaves faded and lost water. Increasing O3 content in ambient air may lead to shorter plant height and smaller plant pattern as well as the decreased leaf number, leaf area, photosynthesis rate, biological yield and economy yield. In addition, the experiment shows that pakchoi mesophyll and epidermis was influenced first when pakchoi in normal growing condition moved into the chamber with the O3 concentration being 100×10 –9 or 200×10 –9, but the veins of new leaves in the clamber twised and changed form first .
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Key words:
- Ozone concentration;
- Pakchoi yield;
- Open-top Chamber
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表 1 油菜叶片个体和群体受害程度的等级划分
表 2 不同O3 浓度下油菜的伤害情况
表 3 O3 浓度增加对株高的影响
表 4 不同O3 浓度对油菜单株叶面积的影响
表 5 O3 浓度增加对油菜光合速率的影响
表 6 O3 浓度增加对油菜经济产量的影响
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