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热带海温变化与高原季风发展
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TROPICAL SST CHANGE AND MONSOON DEVELOPMENT OVER PLATEAU
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摘要: 利用NOAA长波辐射OLR，NCEP/NCAR再分析格点资料，探讨了热带太平洋、印度洋海温等环境场变化与高原季风发展的联系。揭示了春季孟加拉湾和南海以及西太平洋暖池附近海表增温、赤道东太平洋降温有利于高原夏季风发展。分析了高原季风强弱年同期和前期SST场、风场和OLR场演变特征。结果表明，高原季风强弱年热带环境场存在明显差异。高原夏季风发展时SSTA从春季到夏季, 孟加拉湾经南海到西太平洋SST呈正距平, 赤道中东太平洋SST负距平发展, 表现为La Niña特征。反之，高原夏季风减弱时SSTA在孟加拉湾和南海地区SST呈负距平，东南太平洋SST正距平发展。表现为El Niño特征。Abstract: By using NOAA OLR data and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis grid data, the relationship of tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean SST background field changes and the development of monsoon over the Plateau are analyzed. Results show clearly that the SSTA increase on the Bengal gulf, South Sea and West Pacific warm pool in spring is favorable to the development of the summer Plateau monsoon, while the increase in the eastern equatorial Pacific SSTA has the opposite effect. The evolutionary characteristics of the prophase and synchronous SSTA fields, wind fields and OLR fields are also analyzed. Results show that there is great difference in the tropical background field between weak and strong monsoon years over the Plateau. During the development of Plateau monsoon from spring to summer, SSTAs over the Bengal gulf, South Sea and West Pacific are positive, but negative over the eastern equatorial Pacific at the same time, displayed the characteristics of La Nina; and vice versa, displayed the characteristics of El Nino.
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Key words:
- Tibet Plateau Monsoon;
- West Pacific SST;
- Inter-connection
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[1] 陈隆勋, 朱乾根, 罗会帮, 等著.东亚季风.北京:气象出版社, 1991. [2] 丁一汇, 何金海, 陈隆勋.亚洲季风.北京:气象出版社, 1994.263~265. [3] 汤懋苍, 梁娟, 邵明镜, 等.高原季风年际变化的初步分析.高原气象, 1984, 3(3): 76~82. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GYQX198403008.htm [4] 汤懋苍, 程国栋, 林振耀.青藏高原近代气候变化及对环流的影响.广州:广东科技出版社, 1998.164~172. [5] 陈烈庭.北方涛动与赤道太平洋海温和降水.科学通报, 1984, 29(19):1190~1192. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KXTB198419010.htm -
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