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青藏高原对流云团东移发展的不稳定特征
INSTABILITY OF EASTWARD MOVEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF CONVECTIVE CLOUD CLUSTERS OVER TIBETAN PLATEAU
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摘要: 利用1998年6~7月的逐时GMS红外TBB资料、T106的客观分析资料以及沿长江5个站的探空资料，对青藏高原上的对流云团东移维持发展的环流背景条件进行了分析。研究表明：高层气流辐散、低层气流辐合的垂直结构，高低空急流的引导作用，高原东南部和长江流域充沛的水汽条件以及大气层结的不稳定性是造成青藏高原上空对流云团东移的前提条件。
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关键词:
- 青藏高原;
- 对流云团;
- 相当黑体温度 (TBB)
Abstract: The eastward movement and development of convective systems over the Tibetan Plateau are investigated with GMS infrared Black-Body Temperature (TBB), T106 reanalysis data and 5 station's sounding data along the Yangtze River basin in 1998. Results show that the processes of heavy rainfall along the Yangtze River basin coincide with the periods of low TBB. The convective cloud clusters display a substantial moving trend from the plateau to the mid and lower reaches of Yangtze River basin. The necessary conditions for heavy rainfall over the Yangtze River basin are the continuous accumulation of clusters at Sichuan and the merging itself with the cloud clusters in the Yangtze River basin and cloud clusters moving from plateau. It is also presented that the vertical structure of circulation, steering effects of high (low) jets, plentiful water over the southeastern plateau and the Yangtze River basin and the instability in troposphere are all favorable to the eastward movement and development of cloud clusters.-
Key words:
- Tibetan Plateau;
- Cloud clusters;
- Black-Bo0dy Temperature (TBB)
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表 1 1998年6~8月长江流域4个暴雨时段中尺度对流云团活动的一些统计特征[6]
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[1] Flohn H. Contributions to a meteorology of the Tibetan highland. Atmospheric Science Paper, Fort Collins: Colorado State University, 1968. [2] 叶笃正, 高由禧, 等, 青藏高原气象学.北京:科学出版社, 1979.74~79. [3] 朱国富, 陈受均. 1995~1998年夏季青藏高原上及其邻域对流活动的天气气候学特征. 见: 陶诗言, 陈联寿, 徐祥德, 等编. 第二次青藏高原大气科学试验理论研究进展 (三). 北京: 气象出版社, 2000. 106~117. [4] 国家卫星气象中心. '98中国大洪水与天气预报.北京:气象出版社, 1999.300~332. [5] Maddox R A. Mesoscale convective complex. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Sci., 1980, 61: 1374~1387. doi: 10.1175/1520-0477(1980)061<1374:MCC>2.0.CO;2 [6] 师春香, 江吉喜, 方宗义.1998年长江大水期间对流云团活动特征研究.气候与环境研究, 2000, 5(3): 279~286. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QHYH200003006.htm -
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