西藏高原最高、最低气温的非对称变化
ASYMMETRIC CHANGE OF MAXIMUN AND MINIMUM TEMPERATURE IN TIBETAN PLATEAU FROM 1971 TO 2000
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摘要: 利用中国西藏高原25个台站1971~2000年月平均最高气温 (Tmax)、最低气温 (Tmin) 及气温日较差 (ΔT),分析了西藏高原最高、最低气温的非对称变化。结果发现,西藏高原普遍存在非对称变化现象,以Tmax、Tmin显著上升,但Tmin上升幅度大于Tmax为主要类型。Tmax上升主要表现在夏季,Tmin增暖以秋季最为明显,ΔT显著变小主要是由于Tmin明显增暖引起的。Tmin的上升幅度随海拔高度的上升而增加,Tmax在3000~4000 m地区增温最大,而ΔT在4000 m以上呈显著的减小趋势。Abstract: Monthly mean maximum (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin) and daily temperature differences (△T) at 25 stations over Tibet from 1971 to 2000 are used to analyze the asymmetric change of maximum and minimum temperature in the Tibetan Plateau. The results show: The asymmetry is detectable in the whole Tibetan Plateau, and the typical pattern of asymmetry is he increase of Tmax and Tmin (Tmin increase is bigger then that of Tmax), the increase of Tmax occurs mainly in summer and that of Tmin in autumn and △T decrease because of obviously increasing Tmin, In additon, Tmin increases with increasing altitude; increase is the strongest in the region of 3000 to 4000 m, and △T tends to decrease over 4000 m.
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Key words:
- Maximum and minimum temperature;
- Asymmetry change;
- Tibetan Plateau;
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表 1 西藏近30年来不同海拔高度上的Tmax、Tmin和ΔT变化趋势
表 2 Tmax、Tmin、ΔT的变化趋势与海拔高度的线性回归分析
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