华北地区玉米田实际蒸散量的计算

吕厚荃; 钱拴; 杨霏云; 白月明

华北地区玉米田实际蒸散量的计算

1.
国家气象中心, 北京 100081
2.
中国气象科学研究院, 北京 100081

资助项目: 本研究为中国气象局青年基金资助

计量
- 摘要浏览量: 3837
- HTML全文浏览量: 518
- PDF下载量: 2186
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2002-01-08
- 修回日期: 2003-03-15
- 刊出日期: 2003-12-31

ESTIMATION OF ACTUAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION FOR MAIZE FIELD IN NORTH CHINA

1.
National Meteorological Center, Beijing, 100081
2.
Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, 100081

摘要

摘要: 以简化农田实际蒸散的计算过程为目的，利用1999年河北定兴县中国气象科学研究院农业气象试验基地的玉米田0~300 cm土壤湿度和气象要素的实测资料以及华北地区5个站1991~1995年0~50 cm土壤湿度和气象资料，探讨由简化参考蒸散模式计算玉米田实际蒸散的可能性；对比了Priestley-Taylor模式和FAO（1998）Penman-Menteith模式的计算结果，以农田试验资料为基础，采用叶面积系数和平均土壤相对湿度为因子，建立了实际蒸散的计算模式。并以华北地区8个站1999~2000年0~50 cm土壤湿度和气象资料进行验证，平均误差一般为10%~15%.
- 玉米田实际蒸散;
- 简化蒸散模式;
- 叶面积系数;
- 土壤相对湿度
Abstract: For simplifying the calculation of actual evapotranspiration in cropped field, the soil moisture of the depth from 0 to 300 cm in the maize field and the meteorological observational data in 1999 at Dingxin county in Hebei Province, where is an agrometeorological experiment base of Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, and the soil moisture of the depth from 0 to 50 cm and the meteorological observational data at 5 stations in North China from 1991 to 1995 are used. The possibility that actual evapotranspiration in the maize field is calculated by using a simple reference evapotranspiration model is examined. Prisetley-Taylor modeland FAO Penman-Mentaith (1998) model are compared and the factors impacting on evapotranspiration are discussed. Based on the experimental data and using leaf area coefficient and mean soil relative moisture as the model factors. A formula calculating actual evapotranspiration is made. Evapotranspiration is calculated by this formula, and the soil moisture of the depth from 0 to 50 cm and the meteorological observational data at 8 stations from 1999 to 2000 are applied to validate. The average errors are in the range from 10% to 15% generally.
- Actual evapotranspiration in maize field;
- Simplified evapotranspiration model;
- Leaf area coefficient;
- Relative soil moisture

HTML全文

表 1 采用Priestley-Taylor参考蒸散和FAO作物参考蒸散建立的作物系数方程 (15) 中的经验常数和相关系数

表 2 采用观测站资料和Priestley-Taylor参考蒸散和FAO作物参考蒸散建立的作物系数方程 (3) 中的经验常数和相关系数

参考文献(16)

[1]	Stannard D I. Comparison of Penman-Monteith, Shuttleworth-Wallace, and modified Priestley-Taylor evapotranspiration models for wildland vegetation in semiarid rangeland. Water Resour. Res. 1993, 29(5):1379~1392. doi: 10.1029/93WR00333
[2]	Kustas W P, Stannard D I, Allwine K J. Variability in surface energy flux partitioning during Washita's 92 : Resulting effects on Penman-Monteith and Priestley-Taylor parameters. Agric. Forest. Meteor. 1996, 82: 171~193. doi: 10.1016/0168-1923(96)02334-9
[3]	Stewart R B, Rouse W R. Substantiation of the Priestley and Taylor parameter=1.26 for potential evaporation in high latitudes. J. Appl. Meteor. 1977, 16:649~650. doi: 10.1175/1520-0450(1977)016 & lt; 0649:SOTPAT & gt; 2.0.CO; 2
[4]	中山敬一, 中村彰宏. Priestley-Taylorモデルによる蒸発, 散位の推定.农业气象, 1982, 37(4): 297~302.
[5]	刘邵明.用Priestley-Taylor模式计算棉田实际蒸散量的研究.应用气象学报, 1998, 9(1): 88~92. http://qikan.camscma.cn/jams/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=19980112&flag=1
[6]	王西平, 姚树然. VSMB多层次土壤水分平衡动态模式及其初步应用.中国农业气象, 1998, 19(6): 27-31. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGNY806.007.htm
[7]	Slatyer R O, McIlroy I C. Practical microclimatology. UNESCO (Paris). 1961.
[8]	Priestley C H B, Taylor R J. On the assessment of surface heat flux and evaporation using large-scale parameters. Mon. Wea. Rev. 1972, 100: 81~92. doi: 10.1175/1520-0493(1972)100 & lt; 0081:OTAOSH & gt; 2.3.CO; 2
[9]	Allen R G, Perira L S, Raes D, et al. Crop evapotranspiration. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 24, Rome. 1998.
[10]	Jury W A, Tanner C B. Advection modification of the Priestley and Taylor evapotranspiration formula. Agron. J. 1975, 67: 840~842. doi: 10.2134/agronj1975.00021962006700060031x
[11]	张志明.湿润下垫面的近地面层内感热和潜热垂直通量的计算.成都科技大学学报, 1984, 2:89~96. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SCLH198402009.htm
[12]	傅抱璞, 翁笃鸣, 虞静明, 等.小气候学.北京:气象出版社, 1994. 349.
[13]	Wallace J S. Calculating evaporation:resistance to factors. Agric. Forest Meteor. 1995, 73: 353~366. doi: 10.1016/0168-1923(94)05084-J
[14]	Davies J A, Allen C D. Equilibrium, potential and actual evaporation from cropped surfaces in southern Ontario. J. Appl. Meteor., 1973, 12: 649~657. doi: 10.1175/1520-0450(1973)012 & lt; 0649:EPAAEF & gt; 2.0.CO; 2
[15]	Nakayama K, Kon H, Matsuoka N. Estimation of soil moisture in the shallow root zone region. J. Agric. Meteor., 1993, 48(5): 851~854. doi: 10.2480/agrmet.48.851
[16]	Lu H Q, Nakayama K, Yu G R. Application of revised Priestley-Taylor model for soil moisture prediction in a maize field under drought condition. J. Agric. Meteor., 1997, 52(5):473~476. doi: 10.2480/agrmet.52.473