Abstract: The latest version (6.0) daily aerosols extinction dataset of the 1.020 μm zone SAGE Ⅱ was analyzed, and the characteristics of transport and change of aerosol optical depth in the middle and upper troposphere and the stratosphere (above 10 kilometer high) was given. The results show that aerosol optical depth in the low latitude is larger than that in the higher latitude. There are three high value centers over the island in Indian Ocean. The high value centers of aerosol optical depth are corresponding with the high value of up flow in the middle and upper troposphere. Comparing to the average of the 17 years (1984—2000), latest 6 years the aerosol optical depth from the Bengal Bay to the southeast of the Tibetan Plateau increases distinctively. Contrary to the middle and eastern of China, the aerosol optical depth over the eastern of China is decreased. Aerosol optical depth has three longitudinal increasing zones and two longitudinal decreasing zones. The Brewer-Dobson circulation between the middle latitude and the equator area causes these longitudinal change zones. This transporting of aerosols between the lower layer and middle and upper layer atmosphere may cause important climate change。