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利用观测资料求区域平均值过程中应注意的一个问题
A QUESTION WHEN USING OBSERVATION DATA TO GET REGIONAL AVERAGED VALUE
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摘要: 为了得到描述一个区域整体特征的时间序列，客观分析和区域化求平均是在气象、海洋等领域普遍应用的资料处理方法。作者分析了应用Barnes方法和先区域化再求平均值方法得到的青藏高原地温、气温、气压等资料的近40年变化曲线，可以看出在地形较复杂地区，如果观测资料连续性不好，这两种方法在实际应用中都必须消除地区差异的影响，才能得到较为可信的结论，否则就有可能得到与事实相背的结果。这一问题应该引起足够的重视。Abstract:
In order to get a time series that represent the total characteristics of some regions, objective analysis and regional-averaged method are widely used to handle observation data. Barnes objective analysis method is a convergent weighted-averaging interpolation scheme which is most generally used in meteorological and ocean field. The characteristics of the elements such as soil temperature, air temperature (include max and min temperature), air pressure etc. On the Tibetan-Qinghai Plateau were analyzed by using these two methods. It is found that when data are not good in continuity, the influence caused by the different region of observe station must be removed in order to get a reliable conclusion, otherwise an erroneous conclusion is got, so this question should be paid attention to.
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图 4 (a)实线为先将各站气温资料标准化,再用Barnes方法得到的高原平均气温序列,虚线为将缺测处理后的气温序列标准化,再用Barnes方法得到的高原平均气温序列,(b)为先将各站地温资料标准化,再用Barnes方法得到的高原平均地温序列
表 1 任意给出的3个具有“ 数值增大线性倾向” 的序列
表 2 在假设表 1 中的“ 序列C” 前3次缺测情况下得到的新序列
表 3 将表 1 中的序列标准化后得到的新序列
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