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应用辐射平衡原理计算夏季水泥路面温度
USING RADIANT BALANCE THEORY TO CALCULATE CONCRETE ROAD-SURFACE TEMPERATURE IN SUMMER
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摘要: 应用能量守恒方法, 考虑太阳短波辐射、大气和地面的长波辐射 (辐散) 潜热、感热传输等能量之间的平衡, 并考虑水汽、气溶胶、浮尘以及云等对太阳短波辐射的吸收和散射, 建立了一种较实用的路面温度预报模型。应用南昌市自动气象观测站2002年7月26日至8月24日共30 d逐时的各气象要素资料进行模拟分析, 并与该时段内所测到的水泥路面温度进行对比, 发现:当夏季日照时间超过5 h时, 水泥路面最高温度预报最大误差 < 4 ℃, 多日误差绝对值平均为2.13 ℃, 该模型具有较好的实际应用价值; 但当雨日或无日照时, 结果较差。Abstract: By using energy balance method and considering the balance among solar short-wave radiation, atmospheric and ground long-wave radiations, latent heat fluxes and sensible heat fluxes, an operational forecasting model for concrete road-surface temperature is established, the parameterizations of absorption and scattering of vapor, aerosol and cloud are also adopted in this model. The daily observation data Nanchang City (from July 26, 2002 to Augest 24, 2002) have been used in the validation of model, results show that when sunshine hour per day in summer is less than 5 h, the biggest error of forecasting for the highest road-surface temperature is than 4℃, and the mean absolute value of the errors in validation period is less than 2.13℃, which proves that the model is practically useful. But in rainy or non-sunshine days, the model doesn't work well.
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Key words:
- Radiant flux;
- Energy balance;
- Summer;
- Concrete road-surface temperature
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图 1 水泥路面温度预报值与实况值比较
(a)2002年8月10日 (有降水), (b)2002年8月12日 (无降水, 日照时数6.7 h), (c)2002年8月23日 (无降水, 日照时数11.6 h)
表 1 2002年7月26日~8月24日逐日水泥路面最高温度预报值、实况值以及误差分析
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