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不同方法计算的气温平均值差异分析
Analyses on Average Temperature Difference Resulted from Different Calculation Methods
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摘要: 利用1961～2002年699个国家基本（基准）站的时值气温观测资料，分析了我国不同方法计算的气温平均值的差异。结果表明：平均气温计算值由于受4次观测、3次观测不同的计算方法的影响，造成4次、3次观测记录平均值产生一定差异。其差异在空间分布中具有明显的特征，西部、北部地区3次平均值偏高；东南部地区3次平均值偏低。中西部地区4次、3次气温平均值的差异具有扩大的趋势，是由于最低气温的升高引起的。因此，在使用气温平均值时，要充分重视平均气温值的计算方法，避免误差。Abstract: Based on the temperature observations at 699 national base stations from 1961 to 2002, analysis is performed of the difference between average temperatures by means of different methods. The result shows that due to different calculating methods with 4 observations and 3 observations on a daily basis, certain difference arises in averaging 4 and 3 observations. This difference is remarkable in spatial distribution. The 3 observations averaging is higher in the west and north, but low in the southeast. There is an increasing tendency in the difference for the central and western part, owing to the rise of minimum temperature. As a result, in using mean temperatures attention should be paid to the methods to avoid errors then the average of temperature is applied in study.
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Key words:
- Calculation;
- Average of temperature;
- Difference
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表 1 代表站4次与3次1~12月 (年) 平均差值
表 2 上海等城市7月、1月、年平均气温观测统计值
表 3 上海等城市与邻近站7月、1月、年平均气温订正前后的差值
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