东北地区降水与大气环流关系

Relationship Between Precipitation in Northeast China and the Atmospheric Circulation

  • 摘要: 利用Lamb-Jenkinson大气环流分型方法, 将1951—2004年逐日的海平面气压场分型, 得到27种不同的环流型, 研究了大气环流型与我国东北地区降水的关系。给出了8种出现频率最高的主要环流型出现的规律及它们平均的环流形势, 分析了8种主要环流型下东北地区降水异常分布状况, 并选出东北地区资料齐全、有代表性的9个站点进行了深入细致地分析, 成功地建立了降水与环流型出现频率的统计关系, 并用此重建了9个代表站54年的降水序列。结果表明:Lamb-Jenkinson大气环流分型方法可以很好地应用于我国东北地区, 由此划分的环流型符合实际情况; 8种主要环流型与降水的空间分布特征有很好的对应关系; 所建立的9个代表站降水距平回归方程能够解释近54年各站的大部分降水变化, 进一步证明了东北地区降水与大气环流之间的密切关系。

     

    Abstract: Lamb-Jenkinson classification scheme is applied to obtain circulation types from the mean sea-level pressure on a daily basis. The relationship between the atmospheric circulation and the precipitation in Northeast China is explored. Eight major types (N, NW, NE, A, C, S, SW and W) which occur most frequently are analyzed to reveal their characteristics and their relationship to atmospheric circulation. Furthermore, the anomaly precipitation distributions under eight circulation types are discussed. The contributions of each major circulation type to total precipitation in Northeast China are investigated as well. The statistics relationship between the nine representative stations with a long record of precipitation and the frequencies of the circulation types are established successfully. The relationship is used to reconstruct the 54-year precipitation sequence at these nine stations.The results show that Lamb-Jenkinson classification scheme can be well applied in Northeast China. The classified types are reasonable. The precipitation distributions of eight major types match reasonably well with large-scale atmospheric patterns. Positive pressure anomaly corresponds to less rainfall, while negative pressure anomaly usually corresponds to more rainfall. The C type makes the greatest contribution to the total rainfall. On the contrary, N, NE, NW, A and W types have little contribution to the total rainfall. Reconstructed precipitation series in nine representative stations can explain the majority of precipitation change in recent years from 1951 to 2004, which further reveals the close relationship between the precipitation in Northeast China and the atmospheric circulation.

     

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