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双基地多普勒天气雷达天线架设高度设计及旁瓣污染分析
Antenna Setting Altitude Design and Analysis of Side-lobe Contamination for a Bistatic Doppler Weather Radar
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摘要: 在双基地多普勒天气雷达的试验和应用研究中发现, 天线的高度设计和旁瓣污染是双基地天气雷达研究中需要直接面对的两个问题。探测目标的最低高度取决于天线的架设高度, 它的设计具有实用价值, 同时发现旁瓣污染影响探测资料的质量。基于双基地雷达探测原理, 对其进行分析, 给出在一定基线长度和最大探测距离乘积条件下, 以目标探测高度为参数的雷达天线架设的最低高度设计方案; 并分析双基地多普勒天气雷达旁瓣污染的主要原因, 进一步探讨在一定假设条件下减小或消除旁瓣污染的影响, 以控制观测资料质量。
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关键词:
- 双基地多普勒天气雷达;
- 天线架设高度设计;
- 旁瓣污染
Abstract: A bistatic Doppler weather radar system consists of one conventional Doppler weather radar and one or more remote passive receivers with low-gain antennas. It is among the new techniques in the atmospheric wind field detection. The first atmospheric observation by a bistatic Doppler radar in China is done by the National Research Project, "Mechanism and Predict Theory of Disastrous Weather over China". The meteorological echo data are obtained in Hefei by a bistatic Doppler radar made in China in 2004.Antenna setting altitude design and side-lobe contamination are key problems in the design and application of the bistatic Doppler weather radar. Based on the principles of bistatic Doppler radar observation, the problems mentioned above are studied. For operational application of a bistatic Doppler weather radar, a design for radar antenna installation with parameter of target detection height is described, which is convenient in calculation and practicable in operation. For a specified detection height, the longer baseline requires the higher antenna installation of transmitter or receiver. In addition, the side-lobe contamination is an important problem in bistatic radar technique, since its receiver has wide-beamwidth antenna. Also, the main contamination causes are analyzed. A method of reducing or eliminating the contamination is proposed, by which may control the bistatic radar observation data quality. -
图 1 双基地雷达天线架设高度
Fig. 1 Relationship between bistatic radar (with different baselines) antenna setting altitude and its lowest detectable object height
图 2 单基地雷达接收的总散射能量示意图
(T为主动雷达)
Fig. 2 Schematic diagram of total scattering energy received by monostatic radar
("T" denotes active radar site)
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