留言板

尊敬的读者、作者、审稿人, 关于本刊的投稿、审稿、编辑和出版的任何问题, 您可以本页添加留言。我们将尽快给您答复。谢谢您的支持!

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

太原冬季PM2.5中有机碳和元素碳的变化特征

孟昭阳 张怀德 蒋晓明 颜鹏 王雁 林伟立 张养梅 王淑凤

孟昭阳, 张怀德, 蒋晓明, 等. 太原冬季PM2.5中有机碳和元素碳的变化特征. 应用气象学报, 2007, 18(4): 524-531..
引用本文: 孟昭阳, 张怀德, 蒋晓明, 等. 太原冬季PM2.5中有机碳和元素碳的变化特征. 应用气象学报, 2007, 18(4): 524-531.
Meng Zhaoyang, Zhang Huaide, Jiang Xiaoming, et al. Characteristics of organic carbon and elemental carbon in PM2.5 during winter in Taiyuan. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2007, 18(4): 524-531.
Citation: Meng Zhaoyang, Zhang Huaide, Jiang Xiaoming, et al. Characteristics of organic carbon and elemental carbon in PM2.5 during winter in Taiyuan. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2007, 18(4): 524-531.

太原冬季PM2.5中有机碳和元素碳的变化特征

资助项目: 

山西省气象局开放式研究基金项目 SX054001

Characteristics of Organic Carbon and Elemental Carbon in PM2.5 During Winter in Taiyuan

  • 摘要: 2005年12月—2006年2月在太原市区持续观测了气溶胶细粒子PM2.5, 并应用Sunset碳分析仪进行了有机碳 (organic carbon, OC) 和元素碳 (elemental carbon, EC) 的测定。结果表明:太原冬季PM2.5, OC和EC浓度均较高, 其中PM2.5日平均浓度变化范围为25.4~419.0 μg/m3, 日平均浓度为193.4±102.3 μg/m3, OC平均浓度为28.9±14.8 μg/m3, EC平均浓度为4.8±2.2 μg/m3, OC/EC平均比值是7.0±3.9, 即太原市冬季PM2.5和碳气溶胶污染严重。OC在PM 2.5中占18.6%, EC占2.9%, 这表明碳气溶胶是太原大气细粒子污染控制的关键组分。在太原市冬季, 采暖燃烧的煤是OC和EC的主要贡献源, 造成OC大大高于EC, 从而使OC/EC比值增大。各种气象条件对PM2.5, OC, EC和OC/EC比值的变化都有不同程度的影响, 特别是大雾天气、相对湿度、风速和降雪是影响碳气溶胶浓度变化的重要因素。
  • 图  1  观测期间PM2.5日平均浓度逐日变化

    Fig. 1  Temporal variation of daily concentrations of PM2.5

    图  2  观测期间OC, EC日平均浓度、OC/EC和气象要素的逐日变化

    Fig. 2  Temporal variations of daily levels of OC, EC, OC/EC and meteorological conditions

    表  1  PM2.5, OC和EC浓度表 (单位:μg·m-3)

    Table  1  Concentration of PM2.5, OC and EC (unit:μg·m-3)

    表  2  太原市冬季PM2.5中OC, EC平均质量浓度及与其他城市水平比较

    Table  2  Average concentrations of OC and EC in PM2.5 of Taiyuan and comparison with other cities

    表  3  OC, EC占PM2.5的比例和OC/EC比值

    Table  3  Percentage of OC, EC in PM2.5 and OC/EC ratio

    表  4  太原市冬季PM2.5, OC, EC与各种气象要素相关关系

    Table  4  The correlation between PM2.5, OC, EC and meteorological factors

  • [1] Houghton J T, Ding Y, Griggs D J, et al. IPCC 2001: The Scientific Basis. London: Cambridge University Press, 2001: 289-348.
    [2] Zhang R J, Wang M X, Xia X G. Chemical composition of aerosols in winter/spring in Beijing. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2002, 14(1): 7-11. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/11476531_Chemical_composition_of_aerosols_in_winterspring_in_Beijing
    [3] 汤洁, 温玉璞, 周凌, 等.中国西部大气清洁地区黑碳气溶胶的观测研究.应用气象学报, 1999, 10(2): 160-170. http://qikan.camscma.cn/jams/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=19990255&flag=1
    [4] 温玉璞, 徐晓斌, 汤洁, 等.青海瓦里关大气气溶胶元素富集特征.应用气象学报, 2001, 12(4): 400-407. http://qikan.camscma.cn/jams/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20010455&flag=1
    [5] 杨东贞, 于海青, 丁国安, 等.北京北郊冬季低空大气气溶胶分析.应用气象学报, 2002, 13(特刊): 113-126. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YYQX2002S1012.htm
    [6] 丁国安, 郑向东, 马建中, 等.近30年大气化学和大气环境研究回顾.应用气象学报, 2006, 17(6): 796-814. http://qikan.camscma.cn/jams/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=200606128&flag=1
    [7] Seinfel J H, Pandis S N. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: From Air Pollution to Climate Change. Wiley, New York, 1998: 700-703.
    [8] Offenberg J H, baker J E. Aerosol size distribution of elemental and organic carbon in urban and over-water atmospheres. Atmos Environ, 2000, 34: 1509-1517. doi:  10.1016/S1352-2310(99)00412-4
    [9] Kirkevag A, Iverson T, Dahlback A. On radiative effects of black carbon and sulphate aerosols. Atmos Environ, 1999, 33: 2621-2635. doi:  10.1016/S1352-2310(98)00309-4
    [10] Chan Y C. Source apportionment of visibility degradation problems in Brisbane using the multiple linear regression techniques. Atmos Environ, 1999, 33: 3237-3250. doi:  10.1016/S1352-2310(99)00091-6
    [11] 黄虹, 李顺诚, 曹军骥, 等.气溶胶有机碳元素碳基本特征研究的前沿动向.环境科学与技术, 2005, 28(3): 112-114. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-FJKS200503045.htm
    [12] 刘新民, 邵敏, 曾立民, 等.珠江三角洲地区气溶胶中含碳物质的研究.环境科学, 2002, 23(增刊): 54-59. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HJKZ2002S1011.htm
    [13] Cao J J, Chow J C, Lee S C, et al. Characterization and source apportionment of atmospheric organic and elemental carbon during fall and winter of 2003 in Xi'an, China. Atmos Chem Phys, 2005, 5: 3561-3593. doi:  10.5194/acpd-5-3561-2005
    [14] 于建华, 虞统, 杨晓光, 等.北京冬季PM2.5中元素碳、有机碳的污染特征.环境科学研究, 2004, 17(1): 48-55. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HJKX200401011.htm
    [15] Ho K F, Lee S C, Yu J C, et al. Carbonaceous characteristics of atmospheric particulate matter in Hong Kong. The Science of Total Environment, 2002, 300: 59-67. doi:  10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00281-4
    [16] Lin J J, Tai H S. Concentrations and distributions of carbonaceous species in ambient particles in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. Atmos Environ, 2001, 35: 2627-2636. doi:  10.1016/S1352-2310(00)00444-1
    [17] Lee H S, Kang B W. Chemical characteristics of principal PM2.5 species in Chongju, South Korea. Atmos Environ, 2001, 35: 739-746. doi:  10.1016/S1352-2310(00)00267-3
    [18] Funasaka K, Miyazari T, Tsurubo K, et al. Relationship between indoor and outdoor carbonaceous particulates in roadside households. Environment Pollution, 2000, 110: 127-134. doi:  10.1016/S0269-7491(99)00281-X
    [19] Butler A J, Andrew M S, Russell A G. Daily sampling of PM2.5 in Atlanta: Results of the first year of the assessment of spatial aerosol composition in Atlanta study. J Geophys Res, 2003, 108 (D7), 8415, doi: 10.1029/2002JD002234.
    [20] 黄虹, 李顺诚, 曹军骥, 等.广州市夏季室内外PM2.5中有机碳、元素碳的分布特征.环境科学学报, 2005, 25(9): 1242-1249. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HJXX200509016.htm
    [21] Turpin B J, Cary R A, Huntzicker J J. An in-situ, time-resolved analyzed for aerosol organic and elemental carbon. Aerosol Science Technology, 1990, 12: 161-171. doi:  10.1080/02786829008959336
    [22] Streets D G, Gupta S, Waldho S T, et al. Black carbon emissions in China. Atmos Environ, 2001, 35: 4281-4296. doi:  10.1016/S1352-2310(01)00179-0
    [23] Hansen A D A, Bodhaine B A, Dutton E G, et al. Aerosol black carbon measurements at the south pole: Initial results, 1986—1987. Geophysi Res Lett, 1988, 15: 1193-1196. doi:  10.1029/GL015i011p01193
  • 加载中
图(2) / 表(4)
计量
  • 摘要浏览量:  5443
  • HTML全文浏览量:  707
  • PDF下载量:  1690
  • 被引次数: 0
出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2006-05-29
  • 修回日期:  2006-12-29
  • 刊出日期:  2007-08-31

目录

    /

    返回文章
    返回