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北京地区PM2.5的成分特征及来源分析

徐敬 丁国安 颜鹏 王淑凤 孟昭阳 张养梅 刘玉彻 张小玲 徐祥德

徐敬, 丁国安, 颜鹏, 等. 北京地区PM2.5的成分特征及来源分析. 应用气象学报, 2007, 18(5): 645-654..
引用本文: 徐敬, 丁国安, 颜鹏, 等. 北京地区PM2.5的成分特征及来源分析. 应用气象学报, 2007, 18(5): 645-654.
Xu Jing, Ding Guoan, Yan Peng, et al. Componential characteristics and sources identification of PM2.5 in Beijing. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2007, 18(5): 645-654.
Citation: Xu Jing, Ding Guoan, Yan Peng, et al. Componential characteristics and sources identification of PM2.5 in Beijing. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2007, 18(5): 645-654.

北京地区PM2.5的成分特征及来源分析

资助项目: 

中国气象局气候变化专项 CCSF2005-3-DH13

科技部公益性重点研究项目 2001DIA10009

国家科学技术部国际科技合作重点项目 2004DFA06100

国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 TG1999045700

Componential Characteristics and Sources Identification of PM2.5 in Beijing

  • 摘要: 选用2003—2004年初PM2.5连续观测资料,统计分析了北京地区PM2.5的特征、PM2.5与PM10以及PM2.5与地面气象要素的相互关系。结果表明:四季中夏季PM2.5浓度最低,冬、春两季浓度较高。PM2.5与PM10比值平均为0.55,非采暖期两者比值为0.52,采暖期两者比值为0.62;夏季该比值主要分布在0.3~0.6之间,春、秋两季该比值分布在0.3~0.8之间,冬季采暖期该比值分布在0.4~0.9之间。PM2.5与PM10比值日变化与气象条件日变化、人们日常生活习惯密切相关,沙尘天气和交通运输高峰期扬起地面粗颗粒物会导致PM2.5在PM10中的比例下降,而冬季取暖以及夏季光化学反应则会引起PM2.5的比例升高。PM2.5的浓度与地面气象要素中本站气压、相对湿度和风速有很好的的相关性,与气温的相关性较差。SO42-,NO3-和NH4+为北京地区PM2.5中主要离子。PMF源解析方法确定了北京地区5类细粒子污染源,分别是:土壤尘、煤燃烧、交通运输、海洋气溶胶以及钢铁工业。
  • 图  1  2003年PM2.5与PM10比值逐日变化

    Fig. 1  Annual ratio of P M2. 5 to PM10

    图  2  各季PM2.5与PM10比值日变化

    Fig. 2  Diurnal ratio of PM2.5 to PM10 in each season

    图  3  各季PM2.5质量浓度与气象条件的相关性

    Fig. 3  Correlation between PM2.5 mass concentration and meteorological condition in each season

    图  4  非采暖期元素因子分析结果

    Fig. 4  Results of PMF analysis of element during non-heating period

    图  5  采暖期元素因子分析结果

    Fig. 5  Results of PMF analysis of element during heating period

    图  6  非采暖期离子因子分析结果

    Fig. 6  Results of PMF analysis of ion during non-heating period

    图  7  采暖期离子因子分析结果

    Fig. 7  Results of PMF analysis of ion during heating period

    表  1  各季PM2. 5浓度日平均状况

    Table  1  Daily average mass concentration of PM2. 5 in each season

    表  2  PM2. 5与PM10比值比较

    Table  2  Ratio of PM2.5 to PM10

    表  3  细粒子中元素年平均浓度比较(单位: μg/m3)

    Table  3  Yearly average mass concentration of elements of PM2.5(unit:μg/m3)

    表  4  北京地区气溶胶来源解析

    Table  4  Comparison of sources identification results of aerosol in Beijing

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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2006-06-21
  • 修回日期:  2007-01-07
  • 刊出日期:  2007-10-31

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