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2007年夏季我国深对流活动时空分布特征
Distribution and Spatiotemporal Variations of Deep Convection over China and Its Vicinity During the Summer of 2007
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摘要: 利用逐时FY-2C卫星红外亮温 (TBB) 资料讨论了2007年夏季 (6—8月) 我国深对流活动的时空演变特征，并同10年的深对流活动特征进行了对比分析。从TBB≤-52℃统计特征来看，2007年夏季我国大陆深对流活动主要集中在4个区域：华南沿海地区，青藏高原，云贵高原东部及四川、重庆，江淮流域。我国中东部地区深对流日际变化特征表明：不同月份深对流分布特征不同，深对流活动具有明显的间歇性、波动性特征。对比10年TBB≤-52℃统计结果来看，2007年夏季深对流日变化具有如下异常特征：华南地区深对流具有午后发展特征；青藏高原深对流活动持续时间明显短于10年统计结果，并且东传特征不明显；贵州东部、四川东北部山区、湖北西部山区、山东丘陵地带、江淮流域与华北平原深对流日变化表现出明显的多峰特征；江淮流域深对流日变化具有明显的向东传播特征。Abstract: The large-scale persisting rainstorm, extremely heavy precipitation and severe convective events result in tremendous damage in economy and severe personnel casualty during the summer of 2007. Based on FY-2C hourly infrared TBB dataset from June to August in 2007, the distribution and spatiotemporal variations of deep convection over China and its vicinity during the summer of 2007 is analyzed and compared with the atmospheric circulation background based on the NCEP final analysis dataset and the climatological distribution of deep convection based on 10-year TBB dataset. The statistical characteristics of TBB less than -52℃ show that there are four active deep convection areas over China during the summer of 2007: South China seaside, the Tibetan Plateau, the Yunan-Guizhou Plateau, Sichuan Province together with Chongqing City and the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin. The daily variations of deep convection over Central and East China show that the deep convection distribution is very different in different months, and the deep convection activity has an obviously fluctuating feature. The active deep convection areas are farther south and are located to the south of 30°N in June, and the active deep convection areas advance to the north of 40°N in July, however, the active deep convection areas retreat to the south of 25°N in August. The characteristics of the daily variations of deep convection are close associated with the evolution of the large-scale atmospheric circulation. The deep convection over the Tibetan Plateau and the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau has one active peak and lasts longer time in the diurnal variations, but the deep convection over the Sichuan Basin and Chongqing City has a nocturnal characteristic and develops in the early morning. Comparing with the 10-year statistical results of TBB less than -52 ℃, there are some characteristics different from the 10-year results. First, the deep convection over South China occurrs more frequently in the afternoon than those in the 10-year statistical results. Second, the lifetime of the deep convection over Tibetan Plateau is much shorter than the climatological lifetime. Third, there are multiple active periods of the deep convection in a day over East Guizhou Province, the Northeastern Mountains in Sichuan Province, the Western mountains in Hubei Province, the Hills in Shandong Procince, the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin, and the Plain of North China. Finally, there is feature of the deep convection over the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin that the deep convection obviously propagates eastward during the summer of 2007.
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Key words:
- deep convection;
- IR TBB;
- spatial and temporal distribution
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图 1 2007年6—8月平均环流特征
(a) 500 hPa高度 (单位:dagpm) 和850 hPa风矢量、风速 (阴影, 单位:m/s), (b) 200 hPa流场、风速 (阴影,单位:m/s) 和850 hPa θse (粗实线, 单位：K) (粗虚线表示梅雨锋锋区的南北界)
Fig. 1 Average atmospheric circulation for June—August 2007
(a) 500 hPa height (unit: dagpm) and 850 hPa wind vector and wind speed (shaded, unit： m/s); (b) 200 hPa stream field, wind speed (shaded, unit: m/s) and pseudo-equivalent potential temperature (thick solid lines, unit: K) (thick dashed lines denote the boundaries of the Meiyu front)
图 2 2007年6—8月TBB≤-52℃深对流活动频率分布 (单位: %)
Fig. 2 Deep convection frequency denoted by TBB≤-52℃ for June—August 2007 (unit: %)
图 3 2007年6—8月100°~120°E经度带平均深对流活动频率日际变化 (单位: %)
(a) 6月, (b) 7月, (c) 8月
Fig. 3 Daily variations of deep convection frequency averaged from 100° to 120°E (unit: %)
(a) June, (b) July, (c) August
图 4 2007年6-8月平均深对流活动频率日变化分布 (单位: %)
Fig. 4 Diurnal variations of deep convection frequency for June—August 2007 (unit: %)
图 5 2007年6—8月平均深对流活动频率时间-经向剖面图 (单位: %)
(a) 90°E, (h) 105°E, (c) 108°E, (d) 118°E
Fig. 5 Meridion-time cross sections of deep convection frequency for June—August 2007 (unit: %)
(a) 90°E, (b) 105°E, (c) 108°E, (d) 118°E
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