设为首页
加入收藏
Diurnal Evolution of the Urban Boundary Layer Structure During a Snow Process in Urumqi
-
摘要: 利用Vaisala系留探空仪系统在2008年1月乌鲁木齐探测所得资料，分析了降雪和非降雪过程中温度、湿度和风的垂直结构及其变化特征。结果表明：降雪和非降雪天，白天对流边界层特征均较明显，但在暖气团影响下，对流边界层特征消失，出现深厚平流逆温，夜间多出现贴地逆温。白天平流逆温强度较夜间逆温更强，白天逆温层出现湿中心，上部出现干中心。降雪天湿中心高度低于非降雪天。夜间近地层出现微弱的逆湿现象，上部出现干中心，降雪天近地层逆湿现象比非降雪天弱；降雪天和非降雪天近地层风向分布均较散乱，主导风向为偏北风，高空主导风向为东南风。风速多因风向改变而出现极大值或极小值，其值常以“高-低-高-低”形式出现于特定高度，风速因风向变化呈波动状随高度递增。Abstract: For the purpose of studying the boundary layer characteristics in snowy day and non-snowy day of Urumqi, 20 times of continuous observations from 11 to 13 in January 2008 and 12 times non-snowy day's observations from 21 to 23 in January 2008 are conducted based upon the Vaisala tethered balloon in the middle of the city. The detecting elements include temperature, dew point, wind speed and wind direction etc. The potential temperature and depression of the dew point isoline and wind profile are studied for investigating the characteristics of the boundary layer and the influence of warm advection and snowing on the boundary layer.The convective boundary layer (CBL) is very typical with clear ultra-adiabatic lapse layer, mixed layer (ML) and capping inversion layer (CIL) in the daytime, and there tends to be a surface inversion during the nighttime. In fact, the temperature stratification isn't affected much by snowing. When the warm advection invades, an intense surface inversion occurs in the daytime, but it's still weaker than that in the nighttime. Furthermore, compared with the nighttime, the temperature inversion is even fiercer when warm advection approaches.In the CBL, vapor is blocked at the bottom of the CIL, forming a wet center, as height increases, vapor decreases to form a dry center. The height of the wet center in the snowing day is lower than usual. Under the influence of warm advection, large area of wet center appears near the ground surface. In the evening, weak humidity inversion occurs in the surface layer, besides, the upper layer has an obvious dry center.Although wind direction is dispersed in the surface layer, the main direction still can be estimated as "N". It changes by clockwise or anti-clockwise from the surface layer to the higher layer, the main direction in the upper air is "SE". The wind speed follows the "high-low-high-low" rule at certain heights, and the extreme speed appears at the height where wind direction shifts. In conclusion, wind speed tends to rise by fluctuates with wind direction shifts.
-
图 1 乌鲁木齐2008年1月10日20:00 (a) 与11日20:00 (b) 500 hPa高度场 (单位：dagpm)
Fig. 1 500 hPa geopotential height at 20:00 10 January 2008 (a) and 20:00 11 January 2008 (b) (unit: dagpm)
图 2 2008年1月11—13日探测期位温垂直结构及其变化情况 (单位：℃)
Fig. 2 Evolution of the potential temperature structure during the detection period of 11—13 January 2008(unit:℃)
图 3 2008年1月11—13日探测期超绝热递减层顶与逆温层底高度 (a) 和逆温强度 (b)
Fig. 3 Ultra-adiabatic lapse layer tops and inversion layer bottoms (a) and inversion temperature strengths (b) during the detection period of 11—13 January 2008
图 4 2008年1月12日沿探测地点所在经度87.5°E温度平流的经向垂直剖面 (单位：10-5 ℃·s-1)
Fig. 4 The meridian-height section of temperature advection (unit: 10-5 ℃·s-1) along 87.5°E through the detection area on 12 January 2008
图 5 2008年1月11—13日探测期温度露点差垂直结构及变化情况 (单位：℃)
Fig. 5 Evolution of the depression of the dew point structure during the detection period of 11—13 January 2008(unit:℃)
图 6 2008年1月12日沿探测地点所在经度87.5°E相对湿度分布的经向垂直剖面 (单位：%)
Fig. 6 The meridian-height section of relative humidity along 87.5°E through the detection area on 12 January 2008(unit:%)
图 7 2008年1月11—13日探测期风速与风向廓线图
Fig. 7 Wind speed and direction profiles during the detection period of 11—13 January 2008
-
[1] 周明煜, 钱粉兰, 陈陟, 等.西藏高原斜压对流边界层风、温、湿廓线特征.地球物理学报, 2002, 45(6):773-783. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQWX200206003.htm [2] 李明华, 范绍佳, 王宝民, 等.珠江三角洲秋季大气边界层温度和风廓线观测研究.应用气象学报, 2008, 19(1):53-60. http://qikan.camscma.cn/jams/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20080110&flag=1 [3] 张强, 王胜.西北干旱区夏季大气边界层结构及其陆面过程特征.气象学报, 2008, 66(4):599-608. doi: 10.11676/qxxb2008.057 [4] 李祥余, 何清, 艾力·买买提明, 等.塔中春季晴天近地层温度、湿度和风速廓线特.干旱区地理, 2008, 31(3):389-396. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GHDL200803012.htm [5] 谷良雷, 胡泽勇, 吕世华, 等.藏北高原夏季典型天气大气边界层特征分析.冰川冻土, 2006, 28(6): 893-899. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BCDT200606014.htm [6] 王欣, 卞林根, 逯昌贵.北京市秋季城区和郊区大气边界层参数观测分析.气候与环境研究, 2003, 8(4): 475-484. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QHYH200304009.htm [7] 卞林根, 程彦杰, 王欣, 等.北京大气边界层中风和温度廓线的观测研究.应用气象学报, 2002, 13(增刊): 13-25. http://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CJFQ&dbname=CJFD2008&filename=YYQX200801010&v=MDE2Mjc0SHRuTXJvOUVaSVI4ZVgxTHV4WVM3RGgxVDNxVHJXTTFGckNVUkwyZll1ZHRGeTNtVnIvTlBEVGFkckc= [8] Dupont E, Menut L, Carissimo B. Comparison between the atmospheric boundary layer in Paris and its rural suburbs during the ECLAP experiment. Atmospheric Environment, 1999, 33: 979-994. doi: 10.1016/S1352-2310(98)00216-7 [9] 李子华, 黄世鸿.考虑温度影响的城市气溶胶粒子白天温度效应.大气科学, 2000, 24(1):87-94. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQXK200001008.htm [10] 涂晓萍, 李子华.气溶胶粒子对城市夜间边界层温度影响的模式研究.南京气象学院学报, 1994, 17(2): 195-199. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NJQX402.010.htm [11] 王海啸, 陈长和, 黄建国.烟雾层的长波辐射效应以及对边界层温度层结的影响.大气科学, 1994, 18(1): 22-29. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQXK199401002.htm [12] Zhou Li, Xu Xiangde, Ding Guoan, et al.Diurnal variation of air pollution and atmospheric boundary layer structure in Beijing during winter 2000/2001.Adv Atmos Sci, 2005, 22(1): 126-132. doi: 10.1007/BF02930876 [13] 徐怀刚, 邓北胜.雾对城市边界层和城市环境的影响.应用气象学报, 2002, 13(增刊): 170-176. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YYQX2002S1018.htm [14] 佟华, 桑建国.北京海淀地区大气边界层的数值模拟研究.应用气象学报, 2002, 13(增刊):51-60. http://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CPFD&dbname=CPFD9908&filename=ZGKQ200110001010&v=MTIwODk3ckxKRndRUHlyQWY3RzRIdEROcjQ5Rlplc09EQk5LdWhkaG5qOThUbmpxcXhkRWVNT1VLcmlmWnVGdkV5am1V [15] 张强, 吕世华, 张广庶.山谷城市大气边界层结构及输送能力.高原气象, 2003, 22(4):346-353. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GYQX200304005.htm [16] 张蔷, 赵淑艳, 金永利.北京地区低空风、温度层结对大气污染物垂直分布影响初探.应用气象学报, 2002, 13(增刊):153-159. http://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CJFQ&dbname=CJFD2002&filename=YYQX2002S1016&v=MTQ4OTZZb1I4ZVgxTHV4WVM3RGgxVDNxVHJXTTFGckNVUkwyZll1ZHRGeTNtVjd2UFBEVGFkckc0SHRPdnJvOUU= [17] Prezerakos N G. Lower tropospheric structure and synoptic scale circulation patterns during prolonged temperature inversions over Athens, Greece. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 1998, 60(1-4):63-76. doi: 10.1007/s007040050034 [18] 刘增强, 郑玉萍, 李景林, 等.乌鲁木齐市低空大气逆温特征分析.干旱区地理, 2007, 30(3):351-356. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GHDL200703006.htm [19] 李景林, 郑玉萍, 刘增强.乌鲁木齐市低空温度层结与采暖期大气污染的关系.干旱区地理, 2007, 30(4): 519-525. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GHDL200704009.htm [20] 吴彦, 王旭, 黄成荣.乌鲁木齐市区低空风特征及其对空气污染的影响.沙漠与绿洲气象, 2007, 1(1):39-41. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XJQX200701011.htm -
下载:
计量
- 摘要浏览量: 4076
- HTML全文浏览量: 1011
- PDF下载量: 1814
- 被引次数: 0
