Estimation for Weather Yield of Winter Wheat Under A2 and B2 Scenarios in Hebei, Shandong and Henan Provinces
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摘要: 冬小麦是我国的主要粮食作物之一,河北、山东、河南三省是我国的冬小麦主产区。利用1978—2008年冀、鲁、豫三省的历史气象资料和冬小麦产量数据,分别建立了三省冬小麦趋势产量和气象产量模型,趋势产量模型的复相关系数超过0.90,气象产量模型均通过0.05的显著性检验。将区域气候模式PRECIS输出的基准气候条件下的格点资料回代到冬小麦气象产量模型,以验证区域气候模式的可用性。利用区域气候模式输出的A2和B2情景下三省的格点资料和三省冬小麦气象产量模型,估算得到了三省2012—2050年的冬小麦气象产量,结果表明:无论在A2还是B2情景下,河北和河南两省冬小麦气象产量均表现出以减产为主、山东省冬小麦气象产量以增产为主的趋势。Abstract: Winter wheat is one of the main crops in China. Hebei, Shandong and Henan provinces are the main planting areas for winter wheat in China. It is important for China to recognize the change of weather yield for winter wheat in the next several decades.Trend yield models of winter wheat are built based on statistical yield from 1978 to 2008 using nonlinear simulation method for Hebei, Shandong and Henan provinces. Multiple correlation coefficients of trend yield models are greater than 0.90 for each province. Then, weather yields of winter wheat are got by subtracting the trend yield from statistical yields for each province. Historical meteorological data from 1978 to 2008 are disposed to get the average data (or maximum or minimum or sum) of every ten days for three provinces. Disposed meteorological data and weather yields of winter wheat are used to establish the models, whose significance reaches 0.05 level.In order to predict the weather yields of winter wheat, meteorological data coming from regional climate model (PRECIS) are used. The average data (or maximum or minimum or sum) of every ten days for each province for the reference period of 1978—1990 are achieved, as well as the data for future climate change under A2 and B2 scenarios of 2011—2050. Weather yields of winter wheat for the reference period are computed by using disposed meteorological data with weather yield models for Hebei, Shandong and Henan provinces. Meanwhile, trend yields of winter wheat are calculated using trend yield models by province. The total yields of each province from 1979 to 1990 are summed by weather yields and trend yields, which are compared with statistical yields. The results show that the correlation coefficients are 0.928, 0.792 and 0.837 for Hebei, Shandong and Henan. The significance reaches 0.001 level for Hebei and Henan, 0.002 level for Shandong.Weather yields of winter wheat are simulated based on weather yield models under A2 and B2 scenarios from 2012 to 2050 with disposed regional climate model (PRECIS) data for Hebei, Shandong and Henan provinces. The results show that in both A2 and B2 scenarios, the weather yields of winter wheat deduce for Hebei and Henan, with increase for Shandong for most years of 2012—2050.
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Key words:
- winter wheat;
- weather yield;
- climate change
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表 1 河北、山东、河南三省冬小麦气象产量回归模型参数列表
Table 1 Parameters of meteorological yield models for Hebei, Shandong and Henan provinces
省份 判定项 常数项 正相关 负相关 因子 线性回归系数 因子 线性回归系数 河北* R=0.527
F=3.341-1072.253 第14旬最低温度
4月降水量65.947
4.476第1旬最低温度 -27.474 山东* R=0.647
F=2.745-710.405 第12旬最低温度
第3旬最高温度
第3旬最低温度
前一年10月至当年5月降水量76.373
50.648
32.859
2.312第1旬平均温度
第2旬最高温度-63.371
-49.750河南** R=0.703
F=3.078-2109.941 第15旬最低温度
第10旬最低温度
第7旬最高温度
前一年10月至当年5月降水量57.454
56.937
17.581
1.809第2旬最低温度
第1旬平均温度
第35旬最低温度-32.879
-27.332
-21.410注:*回归模型通过0.05的显著性检验,**回归模型通过0.025的显著性检验;R为相关系数,F为检验值。 表 2 河北、山东、河南三省A2和B2情景下冬小麦气象产量的正负平均值及其出现频数
Table 2 Positive and negative mean and years of winter wheat whether yield in A2 and B2 scenarios for Hebei, Shandong and Henan provinces
省份 A2情景 B2情景 正效应 负效应 正效应 负效应 产量平均值
/(kg·hm-2)频数 产量平均值
/(kg·hm-2)频数 产量平均值
/(kg·hm-2)频数 产量平均值
/(kg·hm-2)频数 河北 122.43 15 -145.06 24 103.75 17 -125.11 22 山东 237.15 21 -249.30 18 247.18 24 -219.80 15 河南 133.67 16 -156.74 23 161.63 13 -208.56 26 -
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