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2006—2011年广州人工触发闪电

张义军 杨少杰 吕伟涛 郑栋 董万胜 李斌 陈绍东 张阳 陈绿文

张义军, 杨少杰, 吕伟涛, 等. 2006—2011年广州人工触发闪电. 应用气象学报, 2012, 23(5): 513-522..
引用本文: 张义军, 杨少杰, 吕伟涛, 等. 2006—2011年广州人工触发闪电. 应用气象学报, 2012, 23(5): 513-522.
Zhang Yijun, Yang Shaojie, Lü Weitao, et al. Comprehensive observation experiments and application study of artificially triggered lightning during 2006—2011. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2012, 23(5): 513-522.
Citation: Zhang Yijun, Yang Shaojie, Lü Weitao, et al. Comprehensive observation experiments and application study of artificially triggered lightning during 2006—2011. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2012, 23(5): 513-522.

2006—2011年广州人工触发闪电

资助项目: 

中国气象科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资金 2010Z004

公益性行业 (气象) 科研专项 GYHY201006005

国家自然科学基金项目 41030960

详细信息
    通信作者:

    张义军, E-mail: zhangyj@cams.cma.gov.cn

Comprehensive Observation Experiments and Application Study of Artificially Triggered Lightning During 2006—2011

  • 摘要: 2006—2011年夏季在广州野外雷电试验基地开展了广东综合闪电观测试验 (GCOELD)。试验期间,针对人工触发闪电进行了近距离声、光、电、磁特征等综合测量,对自动气象站电源线和信号线上产生的感应电压特征进行了观测和分析,并对广东省地闪定位网的探测效率和定位精度与人工触发闪电进行了比对和校验。试验结果表明:人工触发闪电回击峰值电流范围为-31.93~-6.67 kA,回击电流波形的半峰宽度的范围为6.18~74.19 μs,10%—90%的上升时间范围为0.24~2.25 μs。触发闪电的上行正先导的发展速度在104~105 m/s量级;人工触发闪电的回击过程在架空电源线路 (1200 m长,2 m高) 上产生的感应过电压可达十几千伏;广东电网闪电定位系统对人工触发闪电事件的探测效率为95%,平均定位误差为759 m,闪电定位系统反演得到的电流峰值与实际测量的电流峰值平均相对偏差为16.3%。
  • 图  1  自然与人工触发闪电继后回击的快电场变化波形 (a) 和辐射场频谱 (b) 的比较[6]

    Fig. 1  The average fast electric field waveform (a) and the energy spectrum (b) for subsequent return strokes in natural and triggered lightning[6]

    图  2  人工触发闪电试验场布局

    Fig. 2  The layout for experiment field of triggered lightning

    图  3  2009年6月22日一次经典触发闪电的电流波形 (大图为大量程条件下的测量结果;回击过程1和回击过程2分别为两次回击的放大图;初始阶段的放大图为小量程条件下的测量结果)

    Fig. 3  Current waveform of classical triggered lightning on 22 June 2009

    (the big figure is record of current with large range; small figures for the first and second return strokes are extended figure, from big figure, respectively; small figure for initial state is extended figure from big figure, but with small range)

    图  4  2007年7月1日触发闪电直窜先导过程的宽带干涉仪定位结果

    Fig. 4  Located result of broadband interferometer for dart leader involving in the triggered lightning on 1 July 2007

    图  5  2008年8月12日一次人工触发闪电在自动气象站输电线上产生的感应电压观测记录

    Fig. 5  The induced voltages on the transmission line of automatic weather station caused by the triggered lightning on 12 August 2008

    图  6  图 5中7个输电线路上感应电压脉冲的扩展波形

    Fig. 6  Expanded waveforms of induced voltage pulses on the live line corresponding to the first seven return strokes in Fig. 5

    图  7  人工触发闪电电流直接测量结果与闪电定位系统反演得到的闪电电流结果对比

    Fig. 7  Return stroke peak currents from direct measurement versus corresponding values from lightening location system for artificial-triggered lightning strokes

    表  1  触发闪电回击电流波形参数

    Table  1  Characteristics of return stroke current parameters

    统计量 Ipeak/kA tHPW/μs t/μs G/(kA·μs-1) Gmax/(kA·μs-1) Q1/C AI1/(103 A2·s)
    最小值 6.67 6.18 0.22 3.90 10.00 0.44 1.11
    最大值 31.93 74.19 2.25 74.98 117.08 4.16 28.89
    算术平均值 17.43 23.93 0.53 34.93 63.40 1.76 9.41
    几何平均值 16.07 19.29 0.44 29.61 54.01 1.36 5.39
    标准差 6.95 16.44 0.41 17.59 29.29 1.24 9.31
    对数标准差 0.18 0.29 0.24 0.30 0.29 0.32 0.49
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2012-03-12
  • 修回日期:  2012-06-13
  • 刊出日期:  2012-10-31

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