设为首页
加入收藏
Characteristics of Atmospheric Pollutants at Dinghushan Station During the Asian Games in Guangzhou
-
摘要: 为了解广州亚运会期间华南区域大气质量状况以及气象条件对区域本底浓度值的影响，2010年11月对鼎湖山站主要污染物NOx，SO2，O3，PM10和PM2.5进行了连续在线观测。利用MICAPS，NCEP FNL资料及后向轨迹模拟对观测时段大气污染物变化特征进行了分析。结果表明：观测时期鼎湖山区域NO2，SO2和O3平均体积分数分别为 (7.2±3.1)×10-9，(8.5±3.8)×10-9和 (28.7±9.8)×10-9。PM10和PM2.5的月平均质量浓度分别达到113 μg·m-3和81 μg·m-3，PM2.5超标日数达13 d (标准为世界卫生组织第1阶段值，日平均值为75 μg·m-3)。不同时段日变化分析表明，广州亚运会期间高值时段 (定义为PM2.5质量浓度超过世界卫生组织的IT.1标准的时段) NOx和O3平均体积分数为13.2×10-9和20.9×10-9，较2009年同期分别下降了41.3%和10.7%。不利气象要素影响和污染物区域传输作用是形成珠江三角洲区域大气本底 (鼎湖山地区) 细粒子污染偏高的主要原因。Abstract: To understand the air quality status and influences of meteorological factors on concentrations of regional background pollutants in Southern China, online measurements of nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide, ozone, PM10 and PM2.5 observations are conducted in Mount Dinghu Background Monitoring Station in November of 2010. MICAPS data, NCEP FNL data and HYSPLIT model are used to deeply analyze the relationship between synoptic circulation, divergence and vorticity, meteorological factors, pollutant source regions and variation characteristics of pollutants in different periods. The results show that the average concentrations of NO2, SO2 and O3 in Mount Dinghu area are (7.2±3.1)×10-9, (8.5±3.8)×10-9 and (28.7±9.8)×10-9, respectively, during the Asian Games period.The aerosol pollution in this region is serious, with the monthly average concentration of PM10 for 113 μg·m-3 and PM2.5 for 81 μg·m-3, and the daily average concentration of PM2.5 exceeds the WHO IT.1 air quality standard for 13 days. The analyses on air pollutants during high-level pollution periods show that the average concentrations of NOx and O3 are 13.2×10-9 and 20.9×10-9, which decreases by 41.3% and 10.7% than those in 2009, but the average concentration of SO2 hardly changes in 2010 compared with that in 2009. All the results suggest that the air quality control measure is effective in some degree. However, the concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 during the period of the Asian Games are higher than those during the same period in 2009, due to relatively stable meteorological conditions, fine weather and high temperature, while the continuous precipitations leads to the lower values of PM10 and PM2.5 during the same period in 2009. High temperature and humidity caused by uniform pressure and temperature fields of the generation of high pressure, continued convergence, weak rising mechanism, the weak surface wind at the surface layer and regional transport lead to the accumulation of primary air pollutants and fine particles. Backward trajectory simulation results show that the flows, originating from east, lead an obvious increase in primary air pollutants, fine particles and atmospheric oxidation in the areas of Mount Dinghu, which pass the industrial areas in Pearl River Delta. In summary, higher concentrations of PM2.5 in Pearl River Delta regional background area are attributed to adverse meteorological condition and pollutant transport.
-
图 1 2010年11月NOx，SO2，O3体积分数及PM质量浓度的时间变化 (a) 小时平均，(b) 日平均
Fig. 1 Concentration variation of NOx, SO2, O3, PM in Nov 2010 (a) hourly average, (b) daily average
图 2 NOx，O3，SO2，PM低值时段和高值时段各污染物平均日变化
(括号内数值为各污染物浓度时段平均值)
Fig. 2 Pollutant average diurnal variation in low concentration period and high concentration period
(the value within the brackets is average concentration for each pollutant)
图 3 2010年11月鼎湖山站气象要素与污染物时间变化图
(a)3—5日，(b)27—28日
Fig. 3 Diurnal variation of meteorological factors and pollutant concentrations at Mout Dinghu in 2010(a)3 November to 5 November, (b)27 November to 28 November
图 4 2010年11月鼎湖山站低值时段与高值时段[O3]与[NO2]/[NO]的相关性分析
(a)3—5日，(b)27—28日
Fig. 4 Correlation analysis of [O3] and [NO2]/[NO] during low and high concentration periods at Mount Dinghu in 2010(a)3 November to 5 November, (b)27 November to 28 November
图 5 2010年11月3—5日和27—28日鼎湖山站区域平均的散度场 (单位：10-5s-1) 和垂直速度场 (单位：Pa·s-1) 时间-高度剖面图
Fig. 5 Height-time section of regional average diffusion (unit:10-5s-1) and vertical velocity (unit:Pa·s-1) at Mount Dinghu during 3—5 November and 27—28 November in 2010
图 6 2010年11月部分时段到达鼎湖山站气团的24 h后向轨迹模拟
Fig. 6 24 h back-trajectory simulation for the air mass arrived at Mount Dinghu in different periods in November 2010
表 1 观测时期典型高值过程和低值过程与对应的地面天气形势以及天气状况
Table 1 Typical high and low pollutant concentration processes and corresponding weather patterns
典型过程 时段 对应天气形势 天气状况 低值 2009-11-02—04 冷高压南下 多云 2009-11-12—16 冷高脊 阴有中到大雨 2009-11-18—19 冷高压南下 多云转阴 2010-11-03—05 冷高压南下 晴转阴雨 2010-11-15—16 冷高压南下 晴 2010-11-18—19 变性高压脊后部 多云 2010-11-25—26 冷高压变性 晴间多云 高值 2009-11-06—07 变性脊回流 多云转阴 2009-11-26—27 变性高压脊 多云 2010-11-23—24 变性高压脊 晴 2010-11-27—28 变性高压脊 多云 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] He K B, Yang F M, Ma Y L, et al.The characteristics of PM2.5 in Beijing, China.Atmos Environ, 2001, 35(29):4959-4970. doi: 10.1016/S1352-2310(01)00301-6 [2] Wang T, Cheung V T F, Anson M, et al.Ozone and related gaseous pollutants in the boundary layer of eastern China: Overview of the recent measurements at a rural site.Geophys Res Lett, 2001, 28(12):2373-2376. doi: 10.1029/2000GL012378 [3] Puckrin E, Travers D L, Evans W F J, et al.Comparison of ozone concentrations at the surface and in the lower troposphere.Environmentic, 2006, 17:157-165. doi: 10.1002/(ISSN)1099-095X [4] Hagler G S W, Bergin M H, Salmon L G, et al.Source areas and chemical composition of fine particulate matter in the Pearl River Delta region of China.Atmos Environ, 2006, 40:3802-3815. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.02.032 [5] 孟昭阳, 贾小芳, 张仁健, 等.2010年长江三角洲临安本底站PM2.5理化特征.应用气象学报, 2012, 23(4):424-432. doi: 10.11898/1001-7313.20120405 [6] 徐晓斌, 刘希文, 林伟立.输送对区域本底站痕量气体浓度的影响.应用气象学报, 2009, 20(6):656-664. doi: 10.11898/1001-7313.20090602 [7] 杨东贞, 于晓岚, 李兴生.临安本底站微量气体浓度分布特征及其对气溶胶的影响.应用气象学报, 1995, 6(4):400-406. http://qikan.camscma.cn/jams/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=19950462&flag=1 [8] 李伟, 孙扬, 程根伟, 等.中国大气本底观测发展概述.山地学报, 2006, 24(增刊):324-329. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KYYX200902013.htm [9] Sun Y, Wang Y S, Xin J Y, et al.In situ measurements of NO, NO2, NOy, and O3 in Dinghushan (112°E, 23°N), China during autumn 2008.Atmos Environ, 2010, 44:2079-2088. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.03.007 [10] Zheng M, Wang F, Hagler G S W, et al.Sources of excess urban carbonaceous aerosol in the Pearl River Delta Region, China.Atmos Environ, 2011, 45:1175-1182. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.09.041 [11] Zhang Y H, Hu M, Zhong L J, et al.Regional integrated experiments on air quality over Pearl River Delta 2004 (PRIDE-PRD2004): Overview.Atmos Environ, 2008, 42:6157-6173. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.03.025 [12] Chau K W, Jiang Y W.Simulation of transboundary pollutant transport action in the Pearl River Delta.Chemosphere, 2003, 52:1615-1621. doi: 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00501-0 [13] Andreaea M O, Schmida O, Yang H, et al.Optical properties and chemical composition of the atmospheric aerosol in urban Guangzhou, China. Atmos Environ, 2008, 42:6335-6350. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.01.030 [14] Zhang Y H, Hu M, Zhong L J, et al.Regional integrated experiments on air quality over Pearl River Delta 2004 (PRIDE-PRD2004):Overview.Atmos Environ, 2008, 42:6157-6173. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.03.025 [15] 吴兑, 廖国莲, 邓雪娇, 等.珠江三角洲霾天气近地层输送特征研究.应用气象学报, 2008, 19(1):1-9. doi: 10.11898/1001-7313.20080101 [16] 罗森波, 罗秋红, 谢炯光, 等.广州市大气污染与气象条件关系的统计分析.热带气象学报, 2006, 22(6):567-573. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-RDQX200606008.htm [17] 胡敏, 刘尚, 吴志军, 等.北京夏季高温高湿和降水过程对大气颗粒物谱分布的影响.环境科学, 2006, 27(11):2293-2298. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0250-3301.2006.11.028 [18] 王淑英, 张小玲.北京PM10污染的气象特征.应用气象学报, 2002, 13(特刊):177-184. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-YYQX2002S1019.htm [19] 李明华, 范绍佳, 王宝民, 等.珠江三角洲秋季大气边界层温度和风廓线观测研究.应用气象学报, 2008, 19(1):53-60. doi: 10.11898/1001-7313.20080110 [20] 蒲维维, 赵秀娟, 张小玲.北京地区夏末秋初气象要素对PM2.5污染的影响.应用气象学报, 2011, 22(6):716-723. doi: 10.11898/1001-7313.20110609 [21] 魏玉香, 童尧青, 银燕, 等.南京SO2、NO2和PM10变化特征及其与气象条件的关系.大气科学学报, 2009, 32(3):451-457. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-NJQX200903014.htm [22] Cheng K J, Tsai C H, Chiang H C. Meteorologically adjusted ground level ozone trends in southern Taiwan. Environ Monitor Access, 2007, 129:339-347. doi: 10.1007/s10661-006-9367-6 [23] 刘鲁宁, 郝庆菊, 刘子锐, 等.鼎湖山地区大气颗粒物中水溶性无机盐粒径分布特征.中国农学通报, 2010, 26(17):357-361. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZNTB201017079.htm [24] 王莉莉, 王跃思, 辛金元, 等.天津滨海新区秋冬季大气污染特征分析.中国环境科学, 2011, 31(7):1077-1086. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGHJ201107005.htm [25] 马志强, 王跃思, 孙扬, 等.北京市与香河县大气臭氧及氮氧化物浓度变化特征.环境化学, 2007, 26(6):832-837. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HJHX200706024.htm [26] 白建辉, 徐永福, 陈辉, 等.鼎湖山森林地区臭氧及其前体物的变化特征和分析.气候与环境研究, 2003, 8(3):370-380. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QHYH200303010.htm [27] So K L, Wang T.On the local and regional influence on ground-level ozone concentrations in Hong Kong.Environ Pollution, 2003, 123:307-317. doi: 10.1016/S0269-7491(02)00370-6 [28] Liu C M, Liu S C, Shen S H.A study of Taipei ozone problem.Atmos Environ, 1990, 24:1461-1472. doi: 10.1016/0960-1686(90)90055-R [29] 宋宇, 唐孝炎, 张远航, 等.夏季持续高温天气对北京市大气细粒子 (PM2.5) 的影响.环境化学, 2002, 23(4):33-36. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-HJKZ200204006.htm [30] 杨德保, 王式功.兰州市区大气污染与气象条件的关系.兰州大学学报:自然科学版, 1994, 30(1):132-136. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-LDZK401.026.htm [31] 程水源, 席德立, 张宝宁, 等.大气混合层高度的确定与计算方法研究.中国环境科学, 1997, 17(6):512-516. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGHJ706.008.htm [32] Zheng J Y, Zhang L J, Che W W, et al.A highly resolved temporal and spatial air pollutant emission inventory for the Pearl River Delta region, China and its uncertainty assessment.Atmos Environ, 2009, 43:5112-5122. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.04.060 -
点击查看大图
计量
- 摘要浏览量: 2895
- HTML全文浏览量: 1063
- PDF下载量: 1742
- 被引次数: 0
