Abstract: Meteorological numerical simulation has a high requirement on hardware structure, software realization and system performance of high performance computing system. It's one of the main applications of high performance computing (HPC). With the development of HPC, the scale of the high performance computers is expanded rapidly. The peak performance of computers increases in a continuous and rapid way. But the sustained performance achieved by the real applications does not increase in the same scale as the peak performance does. As the computer architectures and program structures are becoming much more complex, more and more factors may affect the performance of programs.Combined with the real meteorological numerical model, the technical research work of effective performance evaluation to high performance computing system has more and more important guiding significance of each stage in system's procurement, installation and performance optimization.In order to promote the ability of dealing with climate change science and technology support, China Meteorological Administration starts a new generation of national meteorological high performance computing power construction. The high performance computing system performance evaluation technology research during this period is carried out.The computing features of meteorological numerical models and its demand for high performance computing systems are analyzed in detail. Combined with the existing high performance computing system architectures and the attributes of software and hardware, the performance evaluation scheme of high performance computing system is proposed. Adopting the actual measurement, benchmark test and evaluation model methods, the comprehensive performance test of high performance computing system is carried out. The test is divided into two stages. In system selection stage, the evaluation model method and benchmark test method are used. In the system installation and debugging stage, the actual measurement method is used. The research results are applied to the practical work, conducting reasonable inspection, performance and function analysis and contrasting to the test results of mainstream high performance computing systems. Through quantitative marking, the high performance computing systems are evaluated reasonably and objectively. The practice result shows that the evaluation scheme design is reasonable and evaluation model research has achieved good results, ensuring the new generation of high performance computing system bidding work successfully completed.With the rising requirements of meteorological numerical model and the development of high performance computing environment, the test program set, evaluation method and evaluation model will be optimized and improved continuously. And on this basis, scalable high performance computing system performance evaluation model for heterogeneous system will be built.