设为首页
加入收藏
Anomalous Moisture and Temperature Characteristics in Precipitation Process During January 2008 Heavy Snowstorm in China
-
摘要: 2008年1月10日—2月2日我国中南部地区发生了严重的低温雨雪冰冻灾害。该文分析此次过程的冷空气活动和水汽输送，比较两者在降水形成中的相对重要性。利用文中定义的两个参量，可以直接比较水汽和温度这两个量在降水中所起的作用，并比较两者作用的相对重要性。结果表明：在低层 (850 hPa及以下)，我国中南部地区温度偏低、水汽偏少，但温度偏低对降水偏多的正贡献大于水汽偏少的负贡献，两者的净贡献为正，因此，冷空气活动主导降水。在较高层 (600 hPa及以上)，中南部地区水汽偏多、温度偏高，但水汽偏多对降水的正贡献大于温度偏高的负贡献，因此，水汽输送主导降水。在中层 (700 hPa)，干冷空气和暖湿空气混合导致，中南部地区水汽偏多、温度偏低，两者均有利于空气饱和，对降水均起正作用；计算结果显示，水汽的贡献略强于温度的贡献。Abstract: The severe cryogenic freezing rain and snow disastrous weather occurrs in central-southern China from 10 Jan to 2 Feb in 2008, which lasts for nearly a month, causes huge social and economic impacts. The water vapor supply and the cold air surges of this disaster are investigated, and their effects on the formation of the heavy snowstorm are performed. The abnormality of the atmospheric circulation is that the blocking high remains stable in high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, the western Pacific subtropical high is more north than normal and the south branch trough is active. In this process, cold air continuously transports from north to central-southern China, forming a high isentropic potential vorticity center. At the same time, there is also strong water vapor continuously transports to north, the integrated water vapor is more than normal in the central-southern China, but at 850 hPa and levels below, the moisture is less. At different levels, anomalous temperature and moisture are different. From low layer to high layer, the air temperature change from abnormally low to abnormally high. The moisture increases and turns into more than normal at 700 hPa. Some methods are defined to examine whether moisture and temperature both play positive roles in this event. Results indicate that at 850 hPa and levels below, although warm and moist air transport from the south, dry and cold air transport from the north is very strong, so the abnormally low air temperature caused by the cold air surges dominates the abnormally high relative humility, and the precipitation is more than normal, resulting in less moisture is less than normal, but this negative effect is weaker than the positive effect of abnormally lower air temperature. On the contrary, at 600 hPa and levels above, although the dry cold air transport from north, the warm and wet air from south is very strong, the abnormally more water vapor dominates the heavy precipitation, the air temperature is warmer than normal, and it has a negative effect at 700 hPa, the result of the blend of the warm and moist air from the south with the dry and cold air from the north is that the air over the central-southern China is moister while colder than normal. They both have positive contributions to the heavy snowstorm. It shows from calculation that at this level, the moistness of the air contributes more than the coldness of the air.
-
图 1 2008年1月10日—2月2日降水量 (a) 和降水量距平 (b) 分布
(相对于1979—2008年平均)
Fig. 1 The distribution of precipitation (a) and precipitation anomaly (b) from 10 Jan to 2 Feb in 2008
(relative to the average of the period of 1979-2008)
图 2 2008年1月10日—2月2日降水日数距平
(单位：d, 方框区域为25°~37°N，105°~121°E)
Fig. 2 The anomaly of the number of rainy days from 10 Jan to 2 Feb in 2008
(unit:d, 25°-37°N, 105°-121°E is used for regional mean)
图 3 2008年1月10日—2月2日低温日数距平 (a) 和平均温度距平 (b)
Fig. 3 The anomaly of the number of cold days (a) and the anomaly of air temperature (b) from 10 Jan to 2 Feb in 2008
图 4 2008年1月10日—2月2日500 hPa位势高度场 (阴影)(等值线为气候平均场, 单位：dagpm)
Fig. 4 500 hPa geopotential height (the shaded) and the climatic mean (the contour, unit:dagpm) from 10 Jan to 2 Feb in 2008
图 5 2008年1月10日—2月2日不同高度层等熵位涡
(单位：10-8K·m2·s-1·kg-1)
Fig. 5 The entropic potential vorticity at different levels from 10 Jan to 2 Feb in 2008
(unit:10-8K·m2·s-1·kg-1)
图 6 整层水汽通量输送场
(均为1月10日—2月2日，单位：kg·m-1·s-1) (a)2008年，(b) 气候平均，(c) 距平
Fig. 6 The column-integrated water vapor flux
(from 10 Jan to 2 Feb, unit:kg·m-1·s-1) (a) in 2008, (b) the climatic mean, (c) the anomaly
图 7 2008年1月10日—2月2日850 hPa的距平场 (a) 比湿，(b) 温度，(c) 相对湿度
Fig. 7 850 hPa anomalies of the specific humidity (a), temperature (b), and relative humidity (c) from 10 Jan to 2 Feb in 2008
图 8 2008年1月10日—2月2日850 hPa, 700 hPa和600 hPa平均的Iq, IT, Iq+ IT
Fig. 8 Distributions of the averaged Iq, IT and Iq+IT at 850 hPa, 700 hPa and 600 hPa from 10 Jan to 2 Feb in 2008
-
[1] 田野, 何宏让. 08年初南方雨雪冰冻灾害形成的温度场结构分析//第26届中国气象学会年会灾害天气事件的预警、预报及防灾减灾分会场论文集. 2009: 1482-1488. [2] 罗宁, 文继芬, 赵彩, 等.导线积冰的云雾特征观测研究.应用气象学报, 2008, 19(1):91-95. doi: 10.11898/1001-7313.20080114 [3] 王凌, 高歌, 张强, 等.2008年1月我国大范围低温雨雪冰冻灾害的气候特征及成因分析Ⅰ.气候特征与影响评估.气象, 2008, 34(4):95-100. doi: 10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2008.04.012 [4] 赵琳娜, 马清云, 杨贵名, 等.2008年初我国低温雨雪冰冻对重点行业的影响及致灾成因分析.气候与环境研究, 2008, 13(4):556-566. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QHYH200804020.htm [5] 吴乃庚, 林良勋, 李天然, 等.2008年初广东罕见低温雨雪冰冻天气的成因初探.广东气象, 2008, 30(1):4-7. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GDCX200801001.htm [6] 王遵娅, 张强, 陈峪, 等.2008年初我国低温雨雪冰冻灾害的气候特征.气候变化研究进展, 2008, 4(2):63-67. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QHBH200802004.htm [7] 郑国光.一次历史罕见的低温雨雪冰冻灾害.气象知识, 2008(1):4-6. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-FZJS200904005.htm [8] 熊光明, 陈权亮, 魏麟晓, 等.平流层极涡偏移对我国冬季降水的影响.应用气象学报, 2012, 23(6):683-690. doi: 10.11898/1001-7313.20120605 [9] 王东海, 柳崇健, 刘英, 等.2008年1月中国南方低温雨雪冰冻天气特征及其天气动力学成因的初步分析.气象学报, 2008, 66(3):405-422. doi: 10.11676/qxxb2008.038 [10] 彭艳, 王钊, 刘安麟, 等.2008年1月中国南部低温雨雪冰冻天气特征及其与东亚大气环流异常探讨.大气科学学报, 2010, 33(5):634-640. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NJQX201005016.htm [11] 赵思雄, 孙建华.2008年初南方雨雪冰冻天气的环流场与多尺度特征.气候与环境研究, 2008, 13(4):351-367. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QHYH200804002.htm [12] 常蕊, 张庆云, 彭京备.中国南方多雪年环流特征及对关键区海温的响应.气候与环境研究, 2008, 13(4):468-477. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QHYH200804011.htm [13] 高洋, 吴统文, 陈葆德.2008年1月我国南方冻雨过程的热力异常及其形成原因.高原气象, 2012, 30(6):1526-1533. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GYQX201106011.htm [14] 陶诗言, 卫捷.2008年1月我国南方严重冰雪灾害过程分析.气候与环境研究, 2008, 13(4):337-350. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QHYH200804001.htm [15] 高辉, 陈丽娟, 贾小龙, 等.2008年1月我国大范围低温雨雪冰冻灾害分析Ⅱ.成因分析.气象, 2008, 34(4):101-106. doi: 10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2008.04.013 [16] 叶飞. 2008初冬季我国南方低温雨雪冰冻天气的等熵位涡分析//第六届长三角气象科技论坛论文集. 2009: 94-99. [17] 易明建, 陈月娟, 周任君, 等.2008年中国南方雪灾与平流层极涡异常的等熵位涡分析.高原气象, 2009, 28(4):880-888. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GYQX200904020.htm [18] 黎惠金, 李江南, 肖辉, 等.2008年初中国南方低温雨雪冰冻事件的等熵位涡分析.高原气象, 2010, 29(5):1196-1207. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GYQX201005013.htm [19] 周长艳, 高文良, 李跃清.2008年1月我国低温雨雪冰冻气象灾害中的水汽输送特征.高原山地气象研究, 2009, 28(4):25-30. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SCCX200804003.htm [20] 孙建华, 赵思雄.2008年初南方雨雪冰冻灾害天气的大气层结和地面特征的数值模拟.气候与环境研究, 2008, 13(4):510-519. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QHYH200804015.htm [21] 辜旭赞.2008年1月我国南方持续雨雪过程的诊断分析.高原气象, 2011, 30(1):150-157. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GYQX201101018.htm [22] 杨玮, 何金海, 王佳, 等."0801南方雪灾"水汽通量与降水关系的SVD分析.热带气象学报, 2011, 27(5):697-702. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-RDQX201105011.htm [23] Lu E, Luo Y, Zhang R, et al. Regional atmospheric anomalies responsible for the 2009-2010 severe drought in China.Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres (1984-2012), 2011, 116(D21). https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Renhe_Zhang/publication/258497043_Regional_atmospheric_anomalies_responsible_for_the_2009-2010_severe_drought_in_China/links/00b4952d155c8270f8000000/Regional-atmospheric-anomalies-responsible-for-the-2009-2010-severe-drought-in-China.pdf [24] Lu E, Liu S, Luo Y, et al.The atmospheric anomalies associated with the drought over the Yangtze River basin during spring 2011.Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres, 2014, 119(10):5881-5894. doi: 10.1002/2014JD021558 [25] Bretherton C S, Peters M E, Back L E.Relationships between water vapor path and precipitation over the tropical oceans.J Climate, 2004, 17(7):1517-1528. doi: 10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<1517:RBWVPA>2.0.CO;2 [26] Lu E, Takle E S.Concurrent variations of water vapor and temperature corresponding to the interannual variation of precipitation in the North American Regional Reanalysis.Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres (1984-2012), 2010, 115(D11). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/248805068_Concurrent_variations_of_water_vapor_and_temperature_corresponding_to_the_interannual_variation_of_precipitation_in_the_North_American_Regional_Reanalysis [27] Wen M, Yang S, Kumar A, et al.An analysis of the large-scale climate anomalies associated with the snowstorms affecting China in January 2008.Mon Wea Rev, 2009, 137(3):1111-1131. doi: 10.1175/2008MWR2638.1 [28] 王颖, 黄勇, 卓东奇. 2008年我国南方雨雪冰冻异常天气特点与成因研究//中国气象学会2008年年会极端天气气候事件与应急气象服务分会场论文集. 2008: 42-49. [29] 王建中, 马淑芬, 丁一汇.位涡在暴雨成因分析中的应用.应用气象学报, 1996, 7(1):19-27. http://qikan.camscma.cn/jams/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=19960103&flag=1 [30] 赵亮, 丁一汇.梅雨期高位涡源区及其传播过程.应用气象学报, 2008, 19(6):697-709. doi: 10.11898/1001-7313.20080609 [31] 陆尔, 丁一汇, 李月洪.1991年江淮特大暴雨的位涡分析与冷空气活动.应用气象学报, 1994, 5(3):266-274. http://qikan.camscma.cn/jams/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=19940349&flag=1 [32] 毕慕莹, 丁一汇.1980年夏季华北干旱时期东亚阻塞形势的位涡分析.应用气象学报, 1992, 3(2):145-156. http://qikan.camscma.cn/jams/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=19920228&flag=1 -
下载:
计量
- 摘要浏览量: 2780
- HTML全文浏览量: 1164
- PDF下载量: 471
- 被引次数: 0
