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Effects of Cloud Parameter on Brightness Temperature Computation in Microwave Band
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摘要: 利用CRTM (Community Radiative Transfer Model) 快速辐射传输模式对NOAA-K系列卫星的AMSU-A通道亮温进行正演模拟，重点研究云粒子类型、云高、云厚度等云参数对微波亮温模拟的影响。结果表明：改变云粒子类型时，云水和雨水对模拟亮温影响较大，模拟亮温值比晴空高1 K；霰、雪、冰、雹等固态粒子对模拟亮温的影响较小，模拟亮温值略低于晴空无云情况；云层光学厚度较大时，各通道亮温受云层影响的情况取决于权重函数峰值高度和云顶高度的配置；多个高度存在云时，若最上层云较厚 (2 km)，光学厚度大，相应通道亮温取决于最上层云，较低层云对亮温不产生影响；云层变薄，光学厚度减小，高度低于云层或略高于云顶的通道亮温随云层厚度的变化明显，若通道高度远高于云顶，云层厚度的变化对于其亮温模拟的影响很小。Abstract: The CRTM fast radiative transfer model is utilized to simulate channel brightness temperature of NOAA-K/AMSU-A. The research focuses on effects of cloud particles type, height and thickness on simulation of each channel brightness temperature. Results show that when there exists water cloud and rain cloud, the corresponding brightness temperature is larger; when there exists ice cloud, snow cloud, hail cloud or graupel cloud, the change of corresponding brightness temperature isn't very obvious. Effects of cloud on channel brightness temperature depend on the configuration of weighting function peaks and cloud top height. When cloud exists at multiple heights, if topmost cloud is thicker (2 km), brightness temperature value of corresponding channels depends on the highest cloud. When the cloud is relative thin, brightness temperature of channels lower or slightly higher than cloud top changes obviously. For those channels far higher than cloud top, their brightness temperatures are not sensitive to cloud thickness change.
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Key words:
- CRTM;
- AMSU-A;
- cloud parameter;
- brightness temperature
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图 2 存在低云时不同云粒子类型下通道1亮温
Fig. 2 Brightness temperature of the first channel with different cloud types when low cloud exists
图 4 云高不同时通道1上行辐射 (a) 分别存在3种云及晴空条件下，(b) 仅存在高云及存在3种云align="center"
Fig. 4 Upward radiance of the first channel of different cloud height (a) three-kind cloud and in clear sky, (b) three-kind cloud in the same time with high cloud only
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