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Refractive Index Quality Control and Comparative Analysis of Multi-source Occultation Based on Sounding Observation
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摘要: 根据我国不同气候区特点对2017年9月1日—2018年8月31日的COSMIC，Metop-A和FY-3C掩星折射率进行质量控制，结果表明：3种掩星折射率的双权重平均值和标准差较接近，整体均随高度呈递减变化；4个气候区的双权重平均值和标准差有差异，亚热带季风气候区相比其他3个气候区偏大。COSMIC相对探空观测在5 km以下为负偏差，亚热带季风气候区偏差较大，FY-3C亚热带季风气候区2 km以下为正偏差，2~6 km为负偏差，6 km以上为正偏差，整体在2 N以内。利用不同气候区的质量控制标准筛选出错误数据和可疑数据，经统计确定掩星与探空折射率的相关系数阈值为0.44。1 km以下掩星自适应质量控制中错误数据占比为5%~10%，1 km以上在5%以内，3种掩星较为接近。引入探空观测参考后，Metop-A掩星在高原山地气候区的错误数据较多，其他约为6%。质量控制前，掩星折射率与探空的相关系数相对较小，质量控制后，相关系数得到提高，多在0.9以上，效果较好，掩星数据质量得到了改善。Abstract: Three occultation refractive index data of COSMIC, Metop-A and FY-3C from 1 September 2017 to 31 August 2018 are divided into four climate zones according to climate characteristics, so that the dataset is more consistent with the normal distribution. Occultation refractive index data and the deviation from the sounding are statistically analyzed. According to statistical results, the occultation refractive index data are quality controlled. Results show that the double-weighted mean and the double-weight standard deviation of three occultations refractive index are relatively close, and the overall trends are gradually decreasing with height. There are differences between the double-weighted mean and the double-weighted standard deviation in four climate zones. The subtropical monsoon climate zone is rich in water vapor in the lower troposphere, so its double weight mean and standard deviation are larger than those in other three climate zones. In the statistical calculation of the deviation from the sounding, the COSMIC is negative below 5 km, the subtropical monsoon climate zone has large deviation. The deviation of FY-3C in subtropical monsoon climate zone is positive below 2 km, negative between 2-6 km, positive again above 6 km, and the overall deviation is within 2 N. According to different statistical characteristics of deviations in four climate zones, different quality control standards are formulated, and error data and suspicious data are screened out. The threshold value of the correlation coefficient between the occultation and the sounding refractive index determined by statistical calculation is 0.44, and suspiciousness smaller than 0.44 is taken as wrong data. Below 1 km, the proportion of error data in quality control of occultation itself is 5%-10%. Above 1 km, within 5%, three occultations are relatively close. After importing the sounding observation reference, quality control data of Metop-A occultation in the plateau mountain climate area are increasing, while the others are about 6%. Comparing the correlation coefficient between occultations and the sounding before and after quality control, the value is smaller before the quality control. After error data being eliminated, the correlation between the occultations and the sounding refractive index is improved, mostly above 0.9. The control is effective, and the quality of the occultation data is improved.
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Key words:
- COSMIC;
- FY-3C;
- refractivity;
- quality control
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图 1 中国气候区划分(a)及120个探空站分布(b)
Fig. 1 Climate zones(a) and 120 sounding stations(b) in China
图 2 掩星在4个气候区折射率数据的双权重平均值和双权重标准差廓线分布
Fig. 2 Double-weighted mean and double-weighted standard deviation profiles of occultation refractive index in four climate zones
图 3 COSMIC掩星在4个气候区折射率的可疑阈值和错误阈值区间及单个时刻的掩星折射率廓线
Fig. 3 Suspicious thresholds and error threshold interval of COSMIC refractive index of in four climate zones comparing to refractive index profiles at a single moment
图 4 掩星在4个气候区折射率偏差的双权重平均值和双权重标准差廓线分布
Fig. 4 Double-weighted mean and double-weighted standard deviation profiles of occultation refractive index deviations in four climate zones
图 5 COSMIC掩星在4个气候区折射率偏差的可疑阈值和错误阈值区间及单个时刻的掩星折射率偏差廓线
Fig. 5 Suspicious thresholds and false thresholds of COSMIC refractive index deviation in four climate zones comparing to refractive index deviation profiles at a single moment
图 6 掩星在4个气候区折射率数据与探空折射率相关系数的廓线分布
Fig. 6 Correlation coefficients of reflective indices between occultations and the sounding in four climate zones
图 7 亚热带季风气候区掩星折射率错误数据分布
Fig. 7 Error data distribution of occultation refractive index in subtropical monsoon climate zone
图 8 掩星第1步质控出错误数据百分比廓线分布
Fig. 8 Percentage of occultation error data in the first-step quality control
图 9 多源掩星第2步质控出错误数据百分比廓线分布
Fig. 9 Percentage of occultation error data in the second-step quality control
图 10 亚热带季风气候区掩星质控前、第1步质控后、最终质控后掩星与探空折射率的相关系数
Fig. 10 Correlation coefficient between occultation and sounding refraction index before quality control, after the first-step and the final quality controls in the subtropical monsoon climate zone
表 1 掩星在4个气候区与探空站匹配到的廓线数量
Table 1 The number of profiles provided by occultations matching with sounding stations in four climate zones
掩星 温带大陆 亚热带季风 温带季风 高原山地 COSMIC 263 133 121 72 Metop-A 309 373 291 43 FY-3C 90 81 97 7 
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