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中国南方设施番茄高温热害风险区划

郑艳姣 杨再强 王琳 杨世琼

郑艳姣, 杨再强, 王琳, 等. 中国南方设施番茄高温热害风险区划. 应用气象学报, 2021, 32(4): 432-442. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20210405..
引用本文: 郑艳姣, 杨再强, 王琳, 等. 中国南方设施番茄高温热害风险区划. 应用气象学报, 2021, 32(4): 432-442. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20210405.
Zheng Yanjiao, Yang Zaiqiang, Wang Lin, et al. Refined risk zoning of high temperature and heat damage to greenhouse tomato in southern China. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2021, 32(4): 432-442. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20210405.
Citation: Zheng Yanjiao, Yang Zaiqiang, Wang Lin, et al. Refined risk zoning of high temperature and heat damage to greenhouse tomato in southern China. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2021, 32(4): 432-442. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20210405.

中国南方设施番茄高温热害风险区划

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20210405
资助项目: 

国家重点研发计划 2019FYD1002202

国家自然科学基金项目 41775104

详细信息
    通信作者:

    杨再强, 邮箱: yzq@nuist.edu.cn

Refined Risk Zoning of High Temperature and Heat Damage to Greenhouse Tomato in Southern China

  • 摘要: 以中国南方设施番茄为研究对象,利用1990—2019年3—9月359个气象站点的气象资料、温室小气候实测资料以及高温控制试验资料,通过BP神经网络模拟南方塑料大棚内日最高气温,结合高温控制试验资料,采用相关性分析和主成分分析方法,构建适用于中国南方设施番茄高温热害等级指标体系,开展设施番茄高温热害风险区划。结果表明:1990—2019年高温热害发生频率增加趋势不显著,轻度高温热害发生频率最高,其次是中度高温热害,各等级高温热害发生频率变化趋势均不显著,且年际变化较大。南方设施番茄高温热害高风险区主要分布在广东西部和东部、广西东部和西部以及云南北部、中部和南部;次高风险区分布在湖南南部、广西大部、广东中北部、江西南部以及福建;中度风险区分布在湖南中北部、江西北部、浙江、安徽、湖北、重庆;其他地区为低风险区。
  • 图  1  研究区及气象站点分布

    Fig. 1  Distribution of target area and meteorological stations

    图  2  日最高气温的训练值与实测值

    Fig. 2  Training and measured daily maximum temperature

    图  3  设施番茄高温处理后各指标间的相关系数

    Fig. 3  Correlation coefficients of various indicators of greenhouse tomato after high temperature treatments

    图  4  设施番茄不同等级高温热害发生频率

    Fig. 4  Frequency of different grades of high temperature and heat damage for greenhouse tomato

    图  5  设施番茄高温热害风险指数空间分布

    Fig. 5  The risk index of high temperature and heat damage for greenhouse tomato

    表  1  小气候资料来源

    Table  1  Sources of microclimate data

    地点 采集时段 样本量
    江苏省宿迁市 2008-03-19—09-23 191
    上海市 2009-03-21—09-30,2010-03-01—09-30,2011-03-01—04-02 474
    浙江省慈溪市 2007-03-21—05-09,2008-03-01—06-24,07-01—30,2009-04-26—05-25 224
    浙江省温州市 2010-03-01—06-10 103
    福建省福清市 2017-05-01—09-30,2018-03-01—09-30 368
    福建省连城县 2017-06-08—29,2017-07-06—09-30,2018-03-01—09-22,2019-03-01—03-31,2019-04-23—09-03 449
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  高温处理下各指标主成分分析特征向量

    Table  2  The first 5 eigenvectors of principal component analysis of each index after high temperature treatments

    参数 特征向量
    第1主成分 第2主成分 第3主成分 第4主成分 第5主成分
    Pn 0.066 0.092 0.006 -0.159 -0.033
    Slp 0.065 0.065 -0.037 -0.133 -0.112
    Clp -0.065 0.038 -0.011 0.029 0.152
    Pmax 0.066 0.069 0.035 -0.178 0.111
    Eaq 0.054 0.090 -0.091 -0.237 0.153
    Gs 0.056 0.083 -0.186 -0.173 0.116
    Ci -0.056 0.101 0.101 -0.253 0.118
    Ls 0.056 -0.101 -0.101 0.252 -0.119
    Tr 0.044 0.135 -0.256 0.074 -0.166
    Ewu 0.010 -0.126 0.384 -0.117 0.184
    φ 0.050 -0.145 0.018 0.097 -0.010
    Pit 0.067 -0.001 0.145 -0.003 -0.115
    Ff 0.067 -0.074 0.032 -0.096 0.015
    Pia 0.062 -0.095 0.086 0.139 0.207
    Ac 0.023 0.157 0.175 -0.140 -0.447
    Tc 0.056 0.084 0.005 -0.027 0.502
    Dc -0.043 0.166 -0.042 0.265 0.105
    Ec 0.058 0.083 -0.057 0.085 0.343
    Cha 0.061 -0.112 0.025 -0.145 -0.023
    Chb 0.055 -0.045 -0.054 0.391 0.183
    Sod 0.045 0.126 0.203 0.247 -0.161
    Pod -0.030 0.153 0.235 0.073 0.289
    Cat 0.042 0.135 0.164 0.358 -0.161
    Mda -0.069 0.002 -0.065 0.112 0.120
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  不同处理下IHS

    Table  3  IHS under different treatments

    处理日数/d 高温胁迫
    T38℃ T41℃ T44℃
    3 0.157 0.17 0.199
    6 0.201 0.251 0.317
    9 0.285 0.351 0.468
    12 0.316 0.431 0.621
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  设施番茄高温热害等级划分

    Table  4  Classification of high temperature and heat damage of greenhouse tomato

    热害等级 日最高气温(T)/℃ 持续时间(D)/d
    轻度 36 < T≤38 3 < D≤6
    T>38 2≤D≤3
    中度 36 < T≤38 6 < D≤12
    38 < T≤41 3 < D≤9
    T>41 3 < D≤6
    重度 36 < T≤38 D>12
    38 < T≤41 D>9
    T>41 D>6
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2021-03-25
  • 修回日期:  2021-06-10
  • 刊出日期:  2021-07-31

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