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基于航测的云底气溶胶活化率与过饱和度估算

高茜 刘全 毕凯 王飞 盛久江 何晖 刘香娥

高茜, 刘全, 毕凯, 等. 基于航测的云底气溶胶活化率与过饱和度估算. 应用气象学报, 2021, 32(6): 653-664.DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20210602..
引用本文: 高茜, 刘全, 毕凯, 等. 基于航测的云底气溶胶活化率与过饱和度估算. 应用气象学报, 2021, 32(6): 653-664. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20210602.
Gao Qian, Liu Quan, Bi Kai, et al. Estimation of aerosol activation ratio and water vapor supersaturation at cloud base using aircraft measurement. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2021, 32(6): 653-664. DOI:   10.11898/1001-7313.20210602.
Citation: Gao Qian, Liu Quan, Bi Kai, et al. Estimation of aerosol activation ratio and water vapor supersaturation at cloud base using aircraft measurement. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2021, 32(6): 653-664. DOI:   10.11898/1001-7313.20210602.

基于航测的云底气溶胶活化率与过饱和度估算

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20210602
资助项目: 

国家重点研发计划 2016YFA0601704

北京市自然科学基金项目 8192021

国家自然科学基金项目 41975177

国家自然科学基金项目 41805114

国家自然科学基金项目 42005078

详细信息
    通信作者:

    刘全, 邮箱: liuquan620@126.com

Estimation of Aerosol Activation Ratio and Water Vapor Supersaturation at Cloud Base Using Aircraft Measurement

  • 摘要: 2016年11月13日在北京地区上空存在持续稳定的层状云天气背景下,利用飞机开展气溶胶粒径谱、化学组成、云滴谱等参量的垂直观测,研究该个例云底气溶胶的活化能力。结果表明:探测期间北京地区为轻度污染天气,地面气溶胶浓度(0.11~3 μm)达到4600 cm-3。云层高度为800~1200 m,云底气溶胶数浓度相对于近地面大幅度降低,有效粒径显著增大(0.3~0.6 μm)。同时,近地面气溶胶中疏水性的一次有机气溶胶贡献显著,而云底气溶胶中一次有机气溶胶的贡献大幅降低,无机组分和二次有机气溶胶的贡献明显增大,造成吸湿性参数κ由0.25(地面)增大至0.32(云底)。云中气溶胶和云滴的谱分布衔接较好,且两者的数浓度之和与云底气溶胶浓度一致,可分别代表未活化和已活化的粒子。基于云底气溶胶粒径谱和吸湿性参数计算得到不同过饱和比下云凝结核的活化率,通过与云中观测结果对比,反推得到云底过饱和度约为0.048%。
  • 图  1  2016年11月13日北京上空飞机探测轨迹

    Fig. 1  Flight tracks over Beijing on 13 Nov 2016

    图  2  2016年11月13日华北地区云图

    (红点代表北京)

    Fig. 2  Infrared cloud image of North China on 13 Nov 2016

    (the red dot represent Beijing)

    图  3  2016年11月13日位势高度场(单位:gpm)

    (红点代表北京)

    Fig. 3  The geopotential height(unit: gpm) on 13 Nov 2016

    (the red dot represents Beijing)

    图  4  飞机观测期间的气象要素垂直廓线

    (a)温度, (b)位温, (c)水汽混合比, (d)相对湿度

    Fig. 4  Vertical profiles of in-situ measured meteorological parameters during the flight

    (a)temperature, (b)potential temperature, (c)water vapor mixing ratio, (d)relative humidity

    图  5  2016年11月13日北京上空气溶胶数浓度和有效粒径(a)以及云滴数浓度(b)的垂直廓线

    Fig. 5  Vertical profiles of aerosol and cloud droplet over Beijing on 13 Nov 2016 (a)aerosol concentration and effective diameter, (b)cloud droplet concentration

    图  6  气溶胶化学组成和吸湿性参数的垂直分布

    Fig. 6  Vertical distribution of aerosol chemical composition and hygroscopic parameter

    图  7  2016年11月13日北京上空气溶胶数谱和云滴谱随高度的变化

    Fig. 7  Vertical characteristics of aerosol and cloud droplet spectrum over Beijing on 13 Nov 2016

    图  8  云中(1050 m高度)、云底(750 m高度) 气溶胶粒径分布及云滴谱分布

    Fig. 8  The aerosol spectrum and cloud droplet spectrum at different levels

    图  9  不同过饱和度下云凝结核活化的临界粒径

    Fig. 9  The critical radius of cloud condensation nuclei activation at different degree of supersaturation

    表  1  各纯组分的密度、吸湿性参数κ

    Table  1  Density and hygroscopicity parameter(κ) of pure component

    化学物种 密度/(kg·m-3) κ
    NH4NO3 1725 0.68
    (NH4)2SO4 1769 0.52
    NH4HSO4 1780 0.56
    SOA 1400 0.10
    POA 1000 0
    黑碳气溶胶 1800 0
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  • 收稿日期:  2021-07-28
  • 修回日期:  2021-10-13
  • 刊出日期:  2021-11-23

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