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Implementation and Application of BCC CMIP6 Experimental Data Sharing Platform
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摘要: 为保障北京气候中心（Beijing Climate Center，BCC）气候模式在第6次耦合模式比较计划（Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6，CMIP6）中的大量试验数据产品面向国内外实现共享，建立了试验数据共享平台。由于模式试验数据具有数据量大、要素种类繁多、元数据多样等特征，为提供高效的数据管理，平台采用分布式存储架构，数据通过气候模式输出重写（climate model output rewriter，CMOR）软件进行格式规范，并实现基于THREDDS（thematic real-time environmental distributed data services）的数据组织与共享。在平台建设及软件设计部署等层面，充分考虑数据安全。该平台实现BCC 3个模式约190 TB的试验数据稳定、高效共享，为国内外气候变化领域科研工作者提供获取数据的方便快捷途径与方法，成为推动我国气候模式国际应用的有力技术手段。Abstract: The experimental data of ongoing CMIP6 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6) are widely used to study the mechanism of climate change and provide technical support for the assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). With more types of model experiments and more complex climate model, the amount of CMIP experimental data are also increasing rapidly. Therefore, Beijing Climate Center (BCC) has established Earth System Grid Federation (ESGF) data node to share experimental data of BCC CMIP6.BCC has three latest versions of models to participate in the project through model development in recent years. The hardware of the platform adopts a distributed storage architecture and is deployed in the demilitarized zone (DMZ) of China Meteorological Administration, which provides a strong guarantee for its network access rate and security. The data processing module mainly checks the integrity, processes the original model output and adopts the climate model output rewriter (CMOR) software to standardize the format. Thematic real-time environmental distributed data services data server is used for local storage management and data sharing, publishing metadata to ESGF index node for unified data retrieval. The data storage directory adopts hierarchical management structure with self-describing information to realize hierarchical and classified storage of different elements in different experiments. To ensure the security of data sharing, the platform is optimized based on ESGF security framework in addition to physically adding replica storage, and the needs of easy access are also considered.Totally, 190 TB experimental data of BCC CMIP6 have been released and shared since the establishment of the platform. The platform has provided important technical support for BCC to participate in the CMIP6, and it has also supported scientific research in the fields of climate change simulation and prediction, weather and climate extremes, global warming and human activities.Subsequent work will provide continuous data services to the CMIP and can be extended to other related model comparison programs. It is also important to further improve the capabilities of customized data sharing services.
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Key words:
- CMIP;
- BCC;
- model experimental data;
- data sharing;
- data security
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图 5 2022年上半年BCC CMIP6数据访问统计
Fig. 5 BCC CMIP6 data access statistics in the first half of 2022
表 1 BCC参加CMIP6试验的模式版本
Table 1 BCC model versions participated in CMIP6
模式 分量 模式版本 分辨率 BCC-ESM1.0[8] 大气 BCC-AGCM3-Chem T42L26(约为280 km，水平格点数为128×64，垂直分26层，模式顶为2.19 hPa) 陆面 BCC-AVIM2 T42(约为280 km，水平格点数为128×64) 海洋 MOM4-L40v3 gx1v1(纬向分辨率为1°，经向在10°S~10°N加密到(1/3)°，10°S~30°S和10°N~30°N由(1/3)°逐渐过渡到1°，30°S以南、30°N以北区域为1°，水平格点数为360×232，垂直分40层) 海冰 SIS gx1v1(水平分辨率与MOM4-L40v3相同) BCC-CSM2-MR[9] 大气 BCC-AGCM3-MR T106L46(约为110 km，水平格点数为320×160，垂直分46层，模式顶为1.46 hPa) 陆面 BCC-AVIM2 T106(约为110 km，水平格点数为320×160) 海洋 MOM4-L40v3 同BCC-ESM1.0 海冰 SIS 同BCC-ESM1.0 BCC-CSM2-HR[10] 大气 BCC-AGCM3-HR T266L56(约为45 km，水平格点数为800×400，垂直分56层，模式顶为0.1 hPa) 陆面 BCC-AVIM2 T266(约为45 km，水平格点数为800×400) 海洋 MOM5-L50 0.25°×0.25°(水平格点数为1440×688，垂直分50层) 海冰 SIS 0.25°×0.25°(水平格点数为1440×688) 
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表 2 BCC CMIP6数据
Table 2 BCC CMIP6 data
核心试验/子计划 试验名称 模式 样本量 要素数量 数据量/TB 气候诊断、评估和描述试验(DECK)[2] 1pctCO2 BCC-CSM2-MR 1 142 29.00 BCC-ESM1.0 1 179 abrupt-4xCO2 BCC-CSM2-MR 1 142 BCC-ESM1.0 1 169 amip BCC-CSM2-MR 3 97 BCC-ESM1.0 3 134 esm-hist BCC-CSM2-MR 3 155 esm-piControl BCC-CSM2-MR 1 143 气候诊断、评估和描述试验(DECK)[2] piControl BCC-CSM2-MR 1 142 32.00 BCC-ESM1.0 1 168 历史气候模拟试验(Historical)[2] Historical BCC-CSM2-MR 3 154 BCC-ESM1.0 3 189 检测归因模式比较计划(DAMIP)[27] hist-GHG BCC-CSM2-MR 3 149 6.50 hist-aer 3 144 hist-nat 3 145 情景模式比较计划(ScenarioMIP)[28] SSP1-2.6 BCC-CSM2-MR 1 154 26.00 SSP2-4.5 1 153 SSP3-7.0 1 158 SSP5-8.5 1 154 耦合气候碳循环比较计划(C4MIP)[29] 1pctCO2-bgc BCC-CSM2-MR 1 144 7.40 1pctCO2-rad 1 144 esm-ssp585 1 155 全球季风模式比较计划(GMMIP)[30] amip-hist BCC-CSM2-MR 1 74 2.50 hist-resAMO 1 130 云反馈模式比较计划(CFMIP)[31] amip BCC-CSM2-MR 1 113 29.00 amip-4xCO2 1 115 amip-future4K 1 114 amip-m4K 1 114 amip-p4k 1 118 陆面、雪和土壤湿度模式比较计划(LS3MIP)[32] Land-Hist-princeton BCC-CSM2-MR 1 40 0.01 土地利用模式比较计划(LUMIP)[33] deforest-globe BCC-CSM2-MR 1 147 2.00 esm-ssp585-sspl26Lu 1 147 hist-nolu 1 146 land-hist 1 40 land-nolu 1 40 sspl26-ssp370Lu 1 147 ssp370-sspl26Lu 1 147 气溶胶和化学模式比较计划(AerChemMIP)[11] hist-piAer BCC-ESM1.0 3 186 4.10 hist-piNTCF 3 179 histSST 1 121 histSST-piCH4 1 120 histSST-piNTCF 1 120 piClim-BC 1 123 piClim-CH4 1 119 piClim-NOx 1 123 piClim-NTCF 1 120 piClim-O3 1 123 piClim-SO2 1 123 piClim-VOC 1 123 piClim-aer 1 123 piClim-control 1 119 ssp370 3 187 ssp370-lowNTCF 3 182 ssp370SST 1 121 ssp370SST-lowNTCF 1 121 年代际气候预测计划(DCPP)[13] dcppA-hindcast BCC-CSM2-MR 8 74 9.07 高分辨率模式比较计划(HighResMIP)[12] control-1950 BCC-CSM2-HR 1 113 70.00 highresSST-present 1 97 hist-1950 1 130
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表 3 BCC-CSM2-MR模式历史气候模拟试验数据
Table 3 Historical experiment data of BCC-CSM2-MR
模式 分量模式 要素 格式 时间段 时效 分辨率 BCC-CSM2-MR 大气 近地表气温、地表气压、降水等 NetCDF 1850—2014年 月、日、3 h等 320×160，L46，L19等 陆面 土壤总含水量、地表径流等 NetCDF 1850—2014年 月、日、3 h等 320×160 海洋 海表面温度、海水质量、海表面压力等 NetCDF 1850—2014年 月、日 360×232，L40 海冰 海冰厚度、海冰面积、海冰表面温度等 NetCDF 1850—2014年 月、日 360×232
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