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天气雷达空中生态监测系统建设和应用

梁丽 马舒庆 滕玉鹏 胡程 崔铠 吴东丽 吴蕾 胡姮 朱永超 张光磊

梁丽, 马舒庆, 滕玉鹏, 等. 天气雷达空中生态监测系统建设和应用. 应用气象学报, 2023, 34(5): 630-640. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20230511..
引用本文: 梁丽, 马舒庆, 滕玉鹏, 等. 天气雷达空中生态监测系统建设和应用. 应用气象学报, 2023, 34(5): 630-640. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20230511.
Liang Li, Ma Shuqing, Teng Yupeng, et al. Construction and application of Weather Radar Aerial Ecological Monitoring System. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2023, 34(5): 630-640. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20230511.
Citation: Liang Li, Ma Shuqing, Teng Yupeng, et al. Construction and application of Weather Radar Aerial Ecological Monitoring System. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2023, 34(5): 630-640. DOI:  10.11898/1001-7313.20230511.

天气雷达空中生态监测系统建设和应用

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20230511
资助项目: 

国家重大科研仪器研制项目 31727901

国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目 42205145

详细信息
    通信作者:

    梁丽, 邮箱:865632711@qq.com

Construction and Application of Weather Radar Aerial Ecological Monitoring System

  • 摘要: 为深度挖掘天气雷达数据应用价值,设计并建设了天气雷达空中生态监测系统。分析天气雷达晴空回波数据特征和空中生物散射特性,利用模糊逻辑算法识别天气雷达网数据中的生物回波,实现对生物密度、迁飞路径、时空分布等昆虫生态活动的实时动态监测。2022年5月天气雷达空中生态监测系统投入试运行,在实时监测期间发现昆虫活动具有明显的时空分布特征、昼夜活动和迁飞活动规律,8—9月全国昆虫活动呈现数量大、活动范围广的特点,是虫灾防治的重点关注时段,监测结果符合昆虫活动特征。该系统可有效服务空中生态实时监测,为虫灾精准防治提供监测技术与数据支持。
  • 图  1  天气雷达空中生态监测系统

    Fig. 1  Layout of Weather Radar Aerial Ecological Monitoring System

    图  2  系统框架图

    Fig. 2  System framework diagram

    图  3  功能框架图

    Fig. 3  Functional framework diagram

    图  4  生物回波识别流程

    Fig. 4  Biological echo recognition process

    图  5  梯形隶属函数示意图

    Fig. 5  Schematic diagram of trapezoidal membership function

    图  6  昆虫密度与反射率因子关系

    Fig. 6  Relationship between insect density and reflectivity

    图  7  2022年8月26日00:00昆虫活动情况

    Fig. 7  Insect activities at 0000 BT 26 Aug 2022

    图  8  2022年5—10月郑州站昆虫活动日变化

    Fig. 8  Diurnal activities of insect at Zhengzhou Station from May to Oct in 2022

    图  9  2022年5月24日00:00昆虫迁飞方向

    Fig. 9  Insect migration direction at 0000 BT 24 May 2022

    图  10  2022年8月30日21:00昆虫迁飞方向

    Fig. 10  Insect migration direction at 2100 BT 30 Aug 2022

    表  1  不同类型回波的指标阈值

    Table  1  Characteristic parameters of different echoes

    回波类型 特征参数 阈值1 阈值2 阈值3 阈值4
    湍流回波 差分反射率/dB -4 -1 3 5
    相关系数 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.9
    反射率因子纹理/dB -1 0 6 10
    差分相位纹理/(°) 0 10 40 180
    生物回波 差分反射率/dB 0 2 10 12
    相关系数 0.3 0.5 0.8 1
    反射率因子纹理/dB 1 2 4 7
    差分相位纹理/(°) 8 10 40 60
    降水回波 差分反射率/dB f1-0.3 f1 f2 f2+0.3
    相关系数 0.92 0.94 1 1.01
    反射率因子纹理(dB) 0 0.5 5 8
    差分相位纹理(°) 0 1 25 30
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  常见昆虫的体态参数及其等效仿真参数

    Table  2  Body parameters and equivalent simulation parameters of common insects

    昆虫 平均体重/mg 平均体长/mm 平均体宽/mm S波段生物体后向散射截面积/m2 X波段生物体后向散射截面积/m2
    桃蛀螟、甜菜白带野螟、二点委夜蛾 22.1 13.0 3.2 5.6234×10-6 3.2×10-3
    棉铃虫、银纹夜蛾 114.8 16.7 5.4 1.0471×10-4 3.8019×10-4
    粘虫、小地老虎、黄地老虎、斜纹夜蛾 145.4 19.0 5.8 2.3988×10-4 4.1687×10-4
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2023-05-19
  • 修回日期:  2023-06-30
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