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海南GPS网探测对流层水汽廓线的试验研究

毕研盟 毛节泰 毛辉

毕研盟, 毛节泰, 毛辉. 海南GPS网探测对流层水汽廓线的试验研究. 应用气象学报, 2008, 19(4): 412-419..
引用本文: 毕研盟, 毛节泰, 毛辉. 海南GPS网探测对流层水汽廓线的试验研究. 应用气象学报, 2008, 19(4): 412-419.
Bi Yanmeng, Mao Jietai, Mao Hui. Tropospheric water vapor profiles using GPS network in Hainan. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2008, 19(4): 412-419.
Citation: Bi Yanmeng, Mao Jietai, Mao Hui. Tropospheric water vapor profiles using GPS network in Hainan. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2008, 19(4): 412-419.

海南GPS网探测对流层水汽廓线的试验研究

资助项目: 

国家自然科学基金项目 40705010

Tropospheric Water Vapor Profiles Using GPS Network in Hainan

  • 摘要: 介绍了2005年11月在海南地区进行的一次地基GPS小网观测试验。试验目的是研究利用组网的GPS倾斜路径观测进行对流层水汽层析反演, 给出站点上空水汽的垂直廓线结构信息。概述了试验中GPS原始数据处理方法以及层析反演的方法。将GPS层析得到的水汽垂直廓线与海口站探空观测的水汽廓线进行了对比, 结果表明:二者一致性较好, 均方根误差在0.5g·m-3左右, 层析结果较好地反映出试验期间水汽减少、大气变干的过程。另外, 采用3种不同的先验信息方案测试分析了GPS层析的结果, 表明GPS观测量对水汽先验信息有明显的调整作用。并对GPS水汽层析中可能存在的问题进行了讨论。试验证明高时间分辨率的GPS观测有能力层析出GPS测站上空水汽的廓线信息。
  • 图  1  海南地基GPS观测网及水平网格划分示意图

    Fig. 1  Location of the ground-based GPS network in Hainan with the horizontal grids

    图  2  2005年11月20日 (年积日324) 海口站层析廓线与探空对比图

    Fig. 2  Comparision of water vapor vertical profiles between GPS and radiosonde at Haikou station at 00:00-01:00 and 12:00-13:00 on Nov 20, 2005

    图  3  2005年11月21日 (年积日325) 海口站层析廓线与探空对比图

    Fig. 3  Comparision of water vapor vertical profiles between GPS and radiosonde at Haikou station at 00:00-01:00 and 12:00-13:00 on Nov 21, 2005

    图  4  2005年11月21日 (年积日325) 采用不同先验信息的层析结果与实测探空对比

    (十字形:方案一, 即采用第321天00:00探空为先验值的层析结果; 圆形:方案二, 即采用时间最近的上次探空为先验值; 正方形:方案三, 即用平均探空为先验值; 菱形:第325天的反演时刻的单次探空)

    Fig. 4  Tomographic results from different a priori information versus observations by radiosonde

    (line with cross-shaped symbol is the first plan using radiosonde in 321 day of year as a priori values; line with circle symbol represents the second plan using the latest radiosonde before this time as a priori information; line with square symbol is the third plan using a priori information from average radionsonde; line with diamond symbol shows the single radiosonde in day 325)

    图  5  试验期间3种先验值层析方案与探空对比的散点图

    (a) 采用2005年11月17日00:00探空为先验值的层析结果, (b) 采用反演时刻前一次探空为先验值的层析结果, (c) 以平均探空廓线为先验值的结果

    Fig. 5  Scatterplots of results from radiosonde and tomography during the experiment

    (a) tomographic results using radiosonde at 00:00 as a priori information on Nov 17, 2005, (b) using latest radiosonde before the time of retrieval, (c) using average radiosonde

    图  6  2005年11月21日GPS层析、先验信息分别与探空的对比散点图

    (菱形:先验信息与探空的对比; 实线:通过原点的拟合直线; 三角形: GPS层析与探空的对比; 虚线:通过原点的拟合直线)

    Fig. 6  Scatterplots of GPS tomography, a priori information and radiosonde on Nov 21, 2005

    (diamond symbol denotes comparison between a priori information and radiosonde, solid line is fitting line passing origin; triangle symbol denotes the results from GPS and radiosonde; dashed line is fitting line passing origin)

    表  1  不同分辨率下的层析结果统计分析

    Table  1  Tomographic statistics results of different resolutions

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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2007-07-23
  • 修回日期:  2008-01-07
  • 刊出日期:  2008-08-31

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