A Numerical Study on Characteristics of Cloud-to-ground Lightning Near Surface Configuration

Tan Yongbo; Zhang Dongdong; Zhou Bowen; Shi Zheng; Chen Zhilu; Chen Chao

doi:10.11898/1001-7313.20150209

Vol.26, NO.2, 2015

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Article Navigation > Journal of Applied Meteorological Science > 2015 > 26(2): 211-220

Tan Yongbo, Zhang Dongdong, Zhou Bowen, et al. A numerical study on characteristics of cloud-to-ground lightning near surface configuration. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2015, 26(2): 211-220. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20150209.

Citation:

Tan Yongbo, Zhang Dongdong, Zhou Bowen, et al. A numerical study on characteristics of cloud-to-ground lightning near surface configuration. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2015, 26(2): 211-220. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20150209.

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A Numerical Study on Characteristics of Cloud-to-ground Lightning Near Surface Configuration

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20150209

Tan Yongbo^{1,2
,
,},
Zhang Dongdong^1,2,
Zhou Bowen^1,2,
Shi Zheng^1,2,
Chen Zhilu^1,2,
Chen Chao^1,2

1.
State Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044
2.
Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044

Received Date: 2014-09-11
Rev Recd Date: 2014-12-31
Publish Date: 2015-03-31

Abstract

Abstract

As a common phenomenon in nature, lightning can influence living environment and production extremely. With continuous field lightning observation tests and model experiments, the understanding of lightning process is making a great progress, especially for cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning progression process. The spatial propagation of lightning shows characteristics of randomness, which make lightning unpredictable and lightning protection difficult.The influence of different lightning spatial configurations on CG lightning process is studied, including the location of stroke points, the length of upward leader, the tip location of downward leader when upward leader trigger, form of lightning attachment process. Based on existing model, a region near to the ground is highlighted and the spatial resolution is improved. A 2-dimension model of CG lightning progress process is developed to simulate different lightning spatial configurations by changing random parameters via using the finite difference method. It shows that the difference of lightning spatial configurations will make the location of stroke points different, and random lightning spatial configurations make the length of upward leader random. The range of length of upward leader is 77 m to 609 m, and it concentrates on 100 m to 200 m. Besides, statistical results show that the length of upward leader triggered from building is longer than that triggered from the ground. It also makes the tip location of downward leader when upward leader trigger distribution regularly. The tip location presents ellipsoidal distribution over the building. Also, different lightning spatial configurations will affect the form of CG lightning attachment process. Simulation results emerge three lightning attachment process forms and all can be verified by field lightning observations. All these outcomes show that lightning spatial configuration plays an important role in affecting CG lightning process.In addition, according to a series of statistical analysis, it shows that the length of downward leader and the length of upward leader near the ground have certain linear correlation. The other factors of lightning have little correlations, such as the length of downward leader near the ground and striking distance, the length of upward leader and lightning horizontal extent.
- random parameter;
- attachment process;
- lightning spatial configuration

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References(37)

Figures and Tables

图 1 先导发展模型

Fig. 1 Model of leader progression

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图 2 模拟域示意图

Fig. 2 Diagram of simulation region

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图 3 闪电发展形态

(a) 随机性参数为13，(b) 随机性参数为181，(c) 随机性参数为182

Fig. 3 Lightning progression forms

(a) random parameter is 13, (b) random parameter is 181, (c) random parameter is 182

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图 4 闪电击地点位置统计

Fig. 4 Statistical results of location of stroke points

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图 5 上行先导长度统计

Fig. 5 Statistical results of upward leader length

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图 6 上行先导触发时下行先导的尖端位置统计

Fig. 6 Statistical results of the tip location of downward leader when upward leader trigger

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图 7 闪电连接形态

(a) 随机性参数为5，(b) 随机性参数为31，(c) 随机性参数为37，(d) 随机性参数为7

Fig. 7 Forms of lightning attachment process

(a) random parameter is 5, (b) random parameter is 31, (c) random parameter is 37, (d) random parameter is 7

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图 8 下行先导长度与闪击距离线性拟合

Fig. 8 Fitting between length of downward leader and striking distance

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图 9 下行先导长度与上行先导长度线性拟合

Fig. 9 Fitting between length of downward leader and length of upward leader

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