Characteristics of Downward Cloud-to-ground Lightning Return Strokes Occurring on Tall Structures with Different Heights

Chen Lüwen; Lü Weitao; Zhang Yijun; Zhang Yang

doi:10.11898/1001-7313.20150306

Vol.26, NO.3, 2015

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Article Navigation > Journal of Applied Meteorological Science > 2015 > 26(3): 311-318

Chen Lüwen, Lü Weitao, Zhang Yijun, et al. Characteristics of downward cloud-to-ground lightning return strokes occurring on tall structures with different heights. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2015, 26(3): 311-318. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20150306.

Citation:

Chen Lüwen, Lü Weitao, Zhang Yijun, et al. Characteristics of downward cloud-to-ground lightning return strokes occurring on tall structures with different heights. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2015, 26(3): 311-318. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20150306.

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Characteristics of Downward Cloud-to-ground Lightning Return Strokes Occurring on Tall Structures with Different Heights

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20150306

Chen Lüwen^1,2,3,
Lü Weitao^{1,2
,
,},
Zhang Yijun^1,2,
Zhang Yang²

1.
Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044
2.
Laboratory of Lightning Physics and Protection Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081
3.
Lightning Protection Center of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510080

Received Date: 2014-11-13
Rev Recd Date: 2015-01-12
Publish Date: 2015-05-31

Abstract

Abstract

To study the difference between characteristics of lightning return strokes occurring on tall structures with different heights, comprehensive observations for 58 natural downward negative cloud-to-ground lightning flashes with confirmed grounding points are analyzed. When heights of grounding points are below 200 m, the arithmetic mean and geometric mean values for the number of strokes per flash, inter-stroke intervals, peak currents of the first strokes, peak currents of the subsequent strokes, 10%-90% rise times of the first stroke optical pulses, widths from 10% wave front to 50% wave tail of the first stroke optical pulses, 10%-90% rise times of the subsequent stroke optical pulses, and widths from the 10% wave front to the 50% wave tail of the subsequent stroke optical pulses are estimated to be about 3.7 and 1 (33 samples), 95 ms and 66 ms (15 flashes containing 95 strokes), -57.9 kA and-43.8 kA (30 samples), -34.1 kA and-30.8 kA (68 samples), 3.8 μs and 3.1 μs (17 samples), 38.1 μs and 32.5 μs (17 samples), 2.2 μs and 2.0 μs (19 samples), 52.9 μs and 35.0 μs (19 samples), while values are estimated to be about 2.6 and 1 (22 samples), 94 ms and 57 ms (10 flashes containing 41 strokes), -104.3 kA and-92.9 kA (24 samples), -50.1 kA and-42.6 kA (32 samples), 28.3 μs and 22.7 μs (13 samples), 119.8 μs and 110.5 μs (13 samples), 10.1 μs and 8.8 μs (4 samples), 126.5 μs and 124.8 μs (4 samples) when heights of grounding points are greater than 200 m. On the whole, the number of strokes per flash and inter-stroke intervals of flashes occurring on structures taller than 200 m and those lower than 200 m are close. But peak currents of the first strokes, peak currents of the subsequent strokes, 10%-90% rise times of the first stroke optical pulses, widths from 10% wave front to 50% wave tail of the first stroke optical pulses, 10%-90% rise times of the subsequent stroke optical pulses, widths from the 10% wave front to 50% wave tail of the subsequent stroke optical pulses for the flashes occurring on structures taller than 200 m are greater than those occurring on structures lower than 200 m, and arithmetic mean (geometric mean) values of the former are 1.8 (2.1), 1.5 (1.4), 7.4 (7.4), 3.1 (3.4), 4.6 (4.3), 2.4 (3.6) times of the latter.
- downward cloud-to-ground lightning flash;
- tall structure;
- characteristics of return stroke;
- luminosity pulse

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References(22)

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1 Distribution of 25 tall structures struck by 58 lightning flashes

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Fig. 2 Distribution of the number of strokes per flash

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Fig. 3 Distribution of inter-stroke intervals

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Fig. 4 Distribution of peak currents of the first strokes

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Fig. 5 Distribution of peak currents of subsequent strokes

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Fig. 6 Illustration for wave parameters of luminosity pulse induced by lightning return stroke

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Fig. 7 T1(a) and T2(b) of luminosity pulses wave induced by return strokes versus heights of grounding points

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Table 1 The number of lightning flashes occurring on each tall structure

建筑物序号	建筑物高度/m	闪电次数
1	35	1
2	115	2
3	35	1
4	110	3
5	25	1
6	90	2
7	145	3
8	100	2
9	120	1
10	100	1
11	110	1
12	105	1
13	140	1
14	105	4
15	100	1
16	140	3
17	105	1
18	160	2
19	90	1
20	140	1
21	160	1
22	340	2
23	360	6
24	440	8
25	600	8

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