Effects of Urbanization on Temperatures over the Qinling Mountains in the Past 50 Years

Wang Zhao; Luo Hui; Li Yali; Li Hongmei

doi:10.11898/1001-7313.20160109

Vol.27, NO.1, 2016

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Article Navigation > Journal of Applied Meteorological Science > 2016 > 27(1): 85-94

Wang Zhao, Luo Hui, Li Yali, et al. Effects of urbanization on temperatures over the Qinling Mountains in the past 50 years. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2016, 27(1): 85-94. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20160109.

Citation:

Wang Zhao, Luo Hui, Li Yali, et al. Effects of urbanization on temperatures over the Qinling Mountains in the past 50 years. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2016, 27(1): 85-94. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20160109.

Wang Zhao, Luo Hui, Li Yali, et al. Effects of urbanization on temperatures over the Qinling Mountains in the past 50 years. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2016, 27(1): 85-94. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20160109.

Citation:

Wang Zhao, Luo Hui, Li Yali, et al. Effects of urbanization on temperatures over the Qinling Mountains in the past 50 years. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2016, 27(1): 85-94. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20160109.

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Effects of Urbanization on Temperatures over the Qinling Mountains in the Past 50 Years

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20160109

Wang Zhao^{1
,
,},
Luo Hui²,
Li Yali³,
Li Hongmei¹

1.
Shaanxi Remote Sensing Information Center for Agriculture, Xi'an 710015
2.
Xi'an Meteorological Bureau of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710015
3.
Shaanxi Provincial Meteorological Information Center, Xi'an 710015

Received Date: 2015-05-14
Rev Recd Date: 2015-07-24
Publish Date: 2016-01-31

Abstract

Abstract

Based on the normalized temperature datasets of China Meteorological Administration from 1961 to 2012, inter-annual and seasonal varying characteristics of maximum, minimum and mean temperatures over the Qinling Mountains are analyzed.The result shows that average increment of annual average temperature, annual maximum and minimum temperatures in the northern regions are greater than those in southern regions of the Qinling Mountains. The seasonal variation of temperature is different, for average temperature, there is an increase in spring and winter, while the maximum temperature increases obviously in summer, and minimum temperature increases remarkably in winter. There is an obvious increase of diurnal temperature range in spring and autumn while there is a decrease in summer and winter. Mean and maximum temperatures declines remarkably while minimum temperature increasing in summer are the direct cause of summer diurnal temperature range reducing. In order to understand the factor of temperature variation, the DMSP (defense meteorological satellite program)/OLS (operational linescan system) data are used to calculate effects of urbanization and their contributions on air temperature for 5 typical zones. The increase of minimum temperature and average temperature of urban station is found remarkably higher than that of rural station, while the increase of maximum temperature is almost the same. This result shows that effects of urbanization are significant on the increasing of average temperature and minimum temperature. While the variation of maximum temperature is mainly caused by climate change itself. Urbanization development is not at the same pace, the northern part of the Qinling Mountains develops much faster than the southern part. The process of urbanization enhances the warming trend of average and minimum temperature in northern part of the Qinling Mountains, especially in spring and winter. And for the maximum temperature, the process of urbanization weakens the increasing trend in southern part but enhances the warming trend in the northern part. That means the impact of urbanization on temperature may show different characteristics at different climatic zones. The difference of the development of urbanization over the Qinling Mountains enhanced the inhomogeneity of temperature changes.
- the Qinling Mountains;
- temperature variation;
- urbanization;
- DMSP

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References(33)

Figures and Tables

图 1 陕西省平利站均一化前后数据对比 (1998年迁站)

(a) 年平均最高气温，(b) 年平均最低气温

Fig. 1 The comparison of homogenization and measurements at Pingli Station of Shaanxi (relocated in 1998)

(a) annual mean maximum temperature, (b) annual mean minimum temperature

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图 2 1961—2012年秦岭南北两侧气温年变化特征

(a) 平均气温，(b) 最高气温，(c) 最低气温

Fig. 2 The annual variation of mean air temperature (a), maximum temperature (b) and minimum temperature (c) over the Qinling Mountains from 1961 to 2012

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Fig. 3 The variation of mean temperature over the Qinling Mountains in four seasons from 1961 to 2012

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Fig. 4 The variation of maximum temperature over the Qinling Mountains in four seasons from 1961 to 2012

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Fig. 5 The variation of minimum temperature over the Qinling Mountains in four seasons from 1961 to 2012

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Fig. 6 Effects of urbanization on variation trends of mean temperatures (a), maximum temperatures (b) and minimum temperature (c) with the contribution of urban effects for five urban stations

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Table 1 Rural stations and urban stations

区域	参考站	区域包含站点数
宝鸡 (关中)	眉县	7
西安 (关中)	蓝田	16
渭南 (关中)	华县	9
汉中 (陕南)	留坝	8
安康 (陕南)	石泉	8

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Table 2 The characteristic of mean temperature, maximum temperature and minimum temperature of rural stations and urban stations over the Qinling Mountains from 1961 to 2012(unit:℃/10 a)

乡村站	最低气温	最高气温	平均气温	城市站	最低气温	最高气温	平均气温
华县	0.07	0.15	0.05	渭南	0.22	0.18	0.17
蓝田	-0.03	0.18	0.06	西安	0.21	0.20	0.19
眉县	0.11	0.16	0.07	宝鸡	0.27	0.20	0.19
留坝	0.07	0.22	0.06	汉中	0.17	0.18	0.11
石泉	0.13	0.13	0.05	安康	0.11	0.12	0.05

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Table 3 Effects of urbanization on seasonal variation trends of mean temperature, maximum temperature and minimum temperature with the contribution of urban effect for five urban stations

季节	气温	变量	秦岭北麓				秦岭南麓
季节	气温	变量	宝鸡	渭南	西安	平均值	汉中	安康	平均值
春季	平均	ΔT_UR/(℃/10 a)	0.05	0.17	0.18	0.15	0.15	0.02	0.085
	平均	E/%	17	51	54	46	85	17	51
	最高	ΔT_UR/(℃/10 a)	-0.04	0.01	0.04	0.03	0.06	0	0.03
	最高	E/%	-8	2.09	9	8	16	1	9
	最低	ΔT_UR/(℃/10 a)	0.05	0.29	0.37	0.24	0.22	0.04	0.13
	最低	E/%	17	95	100	71	100	43	72
夏季	平均	ΔT_UR/(℃/10 a)	0.2	0.05	0.03	0.09	0.02	-0.02	0
	平均	E/%	100	62	65	76	100	-14	43
	最高	ΔT_UR/(℃/10 a)	0.16	0.03	-0.02	0.06	-0.07	0.03	-0.02
	最高	E/%	100	24	-32	31	-100	21	-39
	最低	ΔT_UR/(℃/10 a)	0.25	0.05	0.18	0.16	0.03	-0.02	0.005
	最低	E/%	100	56	100	85	32	-100	-34
秋季	平均	ΔT_UR/(℃/10 a)	0.15	0.11	0.09	0.12	0.01	0.02	0.02
	平均	E/%	80	66	54	67	8	13	11
	最高	ΔT_UR/(℃/10 a)	0.06	0.07	0.02	0.05	0.02	-0.08	-0.03
	最高	E/%	21	29	10	20	12	-48	-18
	最低	ΔT_UR/(℃/10 a)	0.18	0.11	0.18	0.16	0	0.11	0.06
	最低	E/%	85	64	100	83	-1	59	29
冬季	平均	ΔT_UR/(℃/10 a)	0.12	0.22	0.18	0.17	-0.03	0	-0.02
	平均	E/%	40	71	59	57	-19	-2	-11
	最高	ΔT_UR/(℃/10 a)	0	0.08	0.03	0.04	-0.07	-0.06	-0.07
	最高	E/%	0	37	14	17	-82	-48	-65
	最低	ΔT_UR/(℃/10 a)	0.13	0.26	0.3	0.23	-0.07	0.07	0
	最低	E/%	35	77	93	68	-30	26	-2

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