Characteristics of NO<sub>2</sub> Tropospheric Column Density over a Rural Area in the North China Plain

Jin Junli; Ma Jianzhong; Lin Weili; Zhao Huarong

doi:10.11898/1001-7313.20160305

Vol.27, NO.3, 2016

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Article Navigation > Journal of Applied Meteorological Science > 2016 > 27(3): 303-311

Jin Junli, Ma Jianzhong, Lin Weili, et al. Characteristics of NO2 tropospheric column density over a rural area in the North China Plain. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2016, 27(3): 303-311. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20160305.

Citation:

Jin Junli, Ma Jianzhong, Lin Weili, et al. Characteristics of NO₂ tropospheric column density over a rural area in the North China Plain. J Appl Meteor Sci, 2016, 27(3): 303-311. DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20160305.

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Characteristics of NO₂ Tropospheric Column Density over a Rural Area in the North China Plain

DOI: 10.11898/1001-7313.20160305

1.
Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081
2.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
3.
CMA Meteorological Observation Center, Beijing 100081

Received Date: 2015-11-24
Rev Recd Date: 2016-01-21
Publish Date: 2016-05-31

Abstract

Abstract

NO₂ tropospheric vertical column densities (VCD) at Gucheng Eco-meteorological Observation Experiment Station (GCH) in Hebei Province from September 2008 to September 2010 are retrieved from the scattered sunlight spectra, measured by a multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS), and its characteristics are analyzed then.It shows that the mean seasonal NO₂ tropospheric VCDs are high in winter (5.14×10¹⁶ cm^-2) and low in summer (1.28×10¹⁶ cm^-2). The mean value in winter is a little lower than that in urban Beijing and much lower than that in spring and summer. Averaged diurnal variations are always low at noon and high towards evening for the whole year. The varying amplitude in winter is the biggest among all seasons and the concentration shows a rising up trend in the late afternoon. Less variation can be seen during the day in spring and autumn, and they decrease slowly in summer, reaching a minimum value after noon. The phenomena can be explained by seasonal differences of sources and sinks of tropospheric NO₂.The tropospheric NO₂ over GCH site is mainly affected by the transport from sectors of SW, SSW, NE and ENE, where the major NO₂ emission sources in North China are located. It's interesting to note that the NO₂ tropospheric VCDs over GCH site is higher than that over Xianghe site (another rural site in North China) in winter. Backward trajectories analyses show that in winter two sites have a distinct difference of pollutant sources, which are causes of their discrepancy.Patterns of seasonal variations are quite the same for NO₂ tropospheric VCDs retrieved from MAX-DOAS and satellite observation product OMNO2d, as well as the mixing ratios of in situ NO₂ measurements. Compared with results from MAX-DOAS, a systematic underestimation of OMI satellite observation for NO₂ is found in the rural North China area, as those found in urban Beijing and Shanghai megacities. The individual NO₂ VCDs retrieved from MAX-DOAS and the surface NO₂ mixing ratios are highly correlated, with an apparently higher correlation coefficient (R=0.738) than that between OMNO2d and surface mixing ratios (R=0.639).It's evident that column density levels of tropospheric NO₂ can be much better captured by MAX-DOAS observations than other measurements. As a result, much more emphasis should be given on the development of MAX-DOAS observation network. Furthermore, the application of MAX-DOAS measurements on validation and correction of satellite data should be strengthened.
- MAX-DOAS;
- NO₂ tropospheric vertical column density;
- variation characteristic;
- comparison and validation

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References(24)

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1 Time series of diurnal mean of NO₂ tropospheric vertical column density over Gucheng site from Sep 2008 to Sep 2010

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Fig. 2 Averaged diurnal variations of NO₂ tropospheric vertical column desity over Gucheng site in different seasons from Sep 2008 to Sep 2010

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图 3 2008年9月—2010年9月固城站NO₂地面观测浓度、NO₂对流层柱浓度、两者相关系数及风速的风向玫瑰图

(a) NO₂地面观测浓度，(b) 以风向频率为权重的NO₂地面观测浓度，(c) NO₂对流层柱浓度，(d) 以风向频率为权重的NO₂对流层柱浓度，(e) 地面浓度与对流层柱浓度相关系数，(f) 风速

Fig. 3 Wind direction rose maps for NO₂ surface mixing ratios (a), NO₂ surface mixing ratios weighted by wind direction occurrence frequency (b), NO₂ tropospheric vertical column density (c), NO₂ tropospheric vertical column density weighted by wind direction occurrence frequency (d), correlation coefficients between surface mixing ratio and tropospheric vertical column density (e) and wind speed (f) at Gucheng site from Sep 2008 to Sep 2010

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Fig. 4 Mean backward trajectories over Gucheng site (a) and Xianghe site (b) from Dec 2008 to Feb 2009

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Fig. 5 Comparison of monthly-averaged diurnal variations of the tropospheric vertical column density and surface mixing ratios of NO₂ along with the OMNO2d at Gucheng site from Sep 2008 to Sep 2010

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Fig. 6 Scatter plots of the NO₂ tropospheric vertical column density from OMNO2d product (a) and MAX-DOAS observation (b) with surface mixing ratios of NO₂ over Gucheng site from Sep 2008 to Sep 2010

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Table 1 Overview of NO₂ tropospheric vertical column density retrieved from MAX-DOAS in China

观测站	位置	观测时段	NO₂对流层柱浓度/(10¹⁶ cm^-2)				NO₂对流层柱浓度平均日变化特征
观测站	位置	观测时段	春季	夏季	秋季	冬季	NO₂对流层柱浓度平均日变化特征
中国科学院大气物理研究所^[10]	北京城区	2008年7月—2009年4月	3.1	3.1	4.3	5.3	春、夏季正午低，秋、冬季中午、傍晚均稍高
河北香河站^{[10, 14]}	华北农村	2010年3月—2012年12月	2	1.7	4	3.7	春、夏季不明显，秋、冬季平缓、正午低、傍晚略高
中国气象局^[6]	北京城区	2008年8月—2011年10月		3.6		5.8	冬季正午低，其他季节中午和傍晚均稍高
上海^[13]	宝山、嘉定、松江和南汇	2009年4月—2010年11月					城区站上午升高、维持高值，污染较弱站正午低
固城站	华北农村	2008年9月—2010年9月	2.2	1.3	3	5.1	中午低、傍晚略高

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